【導讀】在人們的交流中扮演著十分重要的角色。它幫助維持和鞏固和諧的人際關系，促。進和諧的社會交際。中有著重大意義。1967年美國格賴斯提出了合作原則，并在哈佛大學的威廉·詹。然而在中國禮貌原則的真正的研究始于80年代。此時語用學才剛剛傳入中國。在，中國在此領域的代表性的人物是顧曰國，他提出一系列自己的禮貌原則理論。和漢語中的應用差異。本文指出，英語學習者應該重視禮貌原則的重大意義和文?；厣瑥亩_到提升人格魅力，創(chuàng)造優(yōu)雅的交流氛圍的效果。的進行跨文化交際。

　　

【正文】 iteness Principle Among the Chinese scholars who have contributed significantly to the study of politeness should be mentioned Prof. Gu Yueguo of Beijing Foreign Studies University. In his articles related to the study of politeness in modern Chinese culture and civilization, Prof. Gu has traced the origin of the motion of politeness in the Chinese puts forward his own five politeness maxims about Politeness Principle, such as the Respectfulness Maxim, Appellation Maxim, Refinement Maxim and so on, which he thinks are more suitable to the Chinese environment than the Leech39。s six maxims of PP. Gu39。s principle reflects the typical Chinese characteristics in social munication and in accord with the connotation of Chinese politeness. Chinese should has its own applications and explanations about PP. The Development of Chinese Politeness Principle In China， however the real study of politeness only began in the 1980s when pragmatics was introduced into most important figure in this area is Gu puts forward his own set of politeness maxims in his Politeness. Phenomena in Modem Chinese（ 1990） .Gu（ 1992） has formulated a different set of politeness maxims， which he thinks are more appropriate to the Chinese Yueguo who have contributed significantly to the study of politeness in modern Chinese holds that there are basically four notions 河北工業(yè)大學 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 11 underlying the Chinese conception of limao（禮貌）： Respectfulness， modesty，attitudinal warmth， is self39。s positive appearance of concerning the latter39。s face， social status and so on. Attitudinal Warmth39。is self39。s demonstration of kindness， consideration and hospitality to bears a strong Chinese trait and the speaker runs the risk of infringing on the listener39。s personal freedom ， thus threatening his negative face.39。Refinement39。 refers to self39。s behavior to other which meets certain standards .People should live up to the conventionally recognized social standards in order not to be accused of being rude or ill 39。s principle reflects the typical Chinese has its own principles and explanations. Five Maxims of Chinese Politeness Principle Gu Yueguo concluded five maxims of limao according to Leech’ s Politeness Principle: A. Respectfulness Maxim: self’ s positive appreciation or admiration of other concerning the latter’ s face, social status, and so on. B. Appellation Maxim: use proper appellation to address other. C. Refinement Maxim: self’ s demonstration of kindness, consideration, and hospitality to other. D. Consistency Maxim: self’ s behaviour to other which meets certain standards. E. Virtue, Speech and Behaviour Maxim: on motivation, minimize other’s cost and maximize other’ s benefit。 on verbalism, maximize benefit self received and minimize cost self paid out Thus there formed a parison of pragmatic differences of politeness between Chinese and English in this paper. Polite language and behaviour are the offspring of tradition and deposition of culture. The connotation of Politeness Principle varies from culture to culture. Sometimes, they even conflict with each other. So what are counted as polite in one language may 河北工業(yè)大學 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 12 not be so in another. In other words, Politeness Principle is flexible in intercultural munication, when municate with each other, both sides should choose proper maxims. Besides, grammatical mistakes are easy to be fiven during munication, but improper language use may cause embarrassments and misunderstandings. Therefore, the parative study of Politeness Principle in Chinese and English cultures bees more important. Meanwhile, to be familiar with the different cultural backgrounds and to choose the right politeness maxims during munication are also very important and useful to intercultural munication. 5 Different Application of Politeness in English and Chinese When being plimented, an Englishspeaking person would readily accept the pliment by saying something like “ Thank you“ to show his appreciation of the praise, but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the pliment. They both think they are behaving properly. Yet neither of them would think the other is being polite. The English speaker is being polite to the extent that by accepting and showing appreciation of the pliment, he avoids hurting the positive face of the person who makes it。 the Chinese speaker is showing modesty by denigrating himself, ignoring the factuality of the pliment paid to him. As has been mentioned, selfdenigration has been at the core of the Chinese notion of politeness for over two thousand years, the Chinese in order to show modesty will go to such lengths as to underrate what he himself has achieved and deny the truth of a plimentary remark. Owing to different beliefs and values, and different cultural backgrounds, these cultural differences of politeness in the municationetiquettes in the munication are different. So to the definition of etiquette, China and Western have a different understanding. As Chinese thinks that the etiquette is the mon behavior standards that 河北工業(yè)大學 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 13 all the members must obey, and its purpose is to keep the normal living order of the society. In ancient China, a famous philosopher thought that etiquette is a principal to deal with the relationship between person and supernatural beings, person and ghosts, person and persons. For the western, although more spread and more profound cultural ment of their etiquette also is from the Classical Period, namely, old Athens and Roman culture, they think courtesy which means courteous behavior and good manners, protocol which means system of rules governing formal o