【正文】 ind, forbidinsist/suggest/order/demand后要用虛擬語態(tài)should+do，should 可以省略 He insisted that we should stay for （過去條件句的虛擬）（見虛擬語態(tài)總結(jié)）draw in/draw back/draw up/draw off：1． Must/have to do表示必須做某事，must表示現(xiàn)在和將來，have to do 可以用在任何時態(tài)2． Should do/ought to do都可以表示應該做某事，ought to do語氣更強，一般用在肯定句。3． Had to do 表示過去必須做某事，should have done, ought to have done表示過去本應該做某事而沒做。I should have told you the news ought to have known the ． Could have done表示本能夠做某事而沒做。I could have saved more ． Might/must have done表示對過去事實的推測6． Couldn’t have done表示對過去事實的否定推測，表示不可能 He couldn’t have stolen the , let , let , let Agree/accept Dress up/dress ： have :n使別人為我們做某事I have the car has his hair officer had the clock ：I have my wallet had his teeth knocked sister has her bike ：當這個名詞作為一個整體使用時動詞用單數(shù)，當這個名詞作為一個組成整體的若干人時動詞用復數(shù)。常見的有：family, crew, government, staff, class：managed to do, was able to do, succeeded in doing 表示沒成功做某事：did not manage to do, wasn’t able to do, didn’t succeed in doing couldn’t do, tried to do could do表示可能做某事 nsay:表示說，講時，后面不能跟間接賓語，如果加用間接賓語加to，say ，背誦 表達思想，意見 表示據(jù)說詞組：say a good word, say a prayer ntell:表示說，講后面可跟雙賓語, tell （實話，謊話，秘密）辨別，分辨說出時間 ：有些動詞和形容詞詞組后要加動名詞：nadmit, appreciated, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, excuse, feel, keep, like, forgive, mention, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggestnlook forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, give up, can’t help, can’t stand, take to, object to, keep on, put off, burst outnopposed to, consent to ,dedicate to, devote to, admit to, confess to, fall to, in addition to, stick to, lead to, attribute to, get tonbe busy/worth/no good/use doing, have trouble/difficulty/problem/, spend time or money doing, have difficult time doing動名詞完成式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：having been done 當一個行為動作由另一個行為動作緊跟著時，第一個動作可以用after doing,來表達，動名詞完成式強調(diào)第一個行為動作在第二個行為動作開始之前完成。After he had been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire having been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire I had been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire having been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire , pratice/advice enjoy/entertain/amuse ： ：official/employee/shop assistant/clerk/officer hang/hung, hang/hanged ：summary of unit 4 out(滾出去，出去)/get into（進去）/get on（進展）/get on with（繼續(xù)，相處）/get off（逃脫）/get （取下）/get over（恢復，結(jié)束）/get though（通過考試，吃完）變成：grow: 漸漸變成，強調(diào)過程，比get更正式 get: 口語中最常用，同growturn: 變得和以往完全不同，往往是變壞，變色，變聲，變質(zhì)，turn red/pale/sourgo: 進入某種狀態(tài)，不好的狀態(tài)，go bad ,go sour e: 強調(diào)結(jié)果，e real, e true, e loose，fall: 陷入，變成某種狀態(tài)，后面不能加形容詞比較級，fall asleep, fall ill As usual/than usual between/amongmanager/director/headmaster/headmistress/principal/president 1． 用who, which引導，前面用逗號隔開，起補充說明的意思，如去掉不影響整個句子的意思。The managers, who knew the event, held an emergent ． Which可以指代前面的一句話He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t ． 與限定性定語從句的區(qū)別，限定性定語從句是對先行詞修飾限定，如果沒有定語從句整個句子的意思就會改變，而非限定性從句只是起補充說明的作用，去掉以后不影響句意。例：The visitors who knew the danger could not go any ，（一部分人）The visitors, who knew the danger, could not go any 。（所有人）., on/keep off/ keep away from/ keep up/ keep up with/ keep out/ keep ：1． 條件句中的倒裝,（見虛擬語態(tài)）2． 否定意義的副詞放在句首，整個句子要倒裝：never, seldom, little, not only, scarely, hardly, no sooner, on no occasionHardly had he stolen the wallet when he was caught by the police sooner had he arrived the cinema than the film ． Only+ 狀語，only after, only thenOnly in this way could I finish the work after he had taken off his hat did I recognize off/take after/take up/take to/take in/take down/take over display/on show/on business/on foot/on duty/on the whole/on fire/on purpose/on the average/on any account/on second thoughts , clothing, clothes，salute, greet, clear/clean：特性——形狀，大小，長短——顏色——名詞 a beautiful broad red carpet a small blue case an ugly long face laugh/laugh at wash/wash up, if, although, until, when, while引導，可以省略主語和系動詞Though(he is)poor, he is satisfied with his (you are)invited, you should not she(is in need), she will borrow money from her ，動名詞或從句時如果后面有賓語補語，必須用it做形式主語，think, find, feel, consider, makeHe thought it easy to pass the feel if right that he should be think it wrong for people to behave like …to的用法 to/enough的區(qū)別 of1． Out of the way/fashion/order/sight/danger/sight（與in介詞相反）2． Out of breath/work/pring/cash/stock（沒有，不足）3． Out of politeness/kindness/pity/curiosity(出于)Enough/fairlyEnough: 修飾形容詞或副詞/修飾名詞/做代詞使用 out of/run after/run over/run in/run into 連接的兩個名詞如果作為一個整體出現(xiàn)則用單數(shù)謂語動詞needle and thread, bacon and eggs, bread and butter, cheese and wine, fish and chips, a knife and fork, sausage and mash for/make out/make up/make up for +be+ 主語so/neither+助動詞+ 主語 so/neither+情態(tài)動詞+ 主語 一般現(xiàn)在時, do, does/am, is, are 現(xiàn)在進行時, am, is, are 一般過去時, did現(xiàn)在完成時, have, has 一般將來時, will, shall, 過去進行時，was, were 過去完成時，had 過去將來時, would ：重音在第一個音節(jié)上為名詞，重音在第二個音節(jié)為動詞：present, insult, produce, record, process, protest, contrast, contest, rebel, conduct, export, import, increase, permit：appear:強調(diào)觀察者的主觀看法 He appears to want to appears as if she would appears like a king.(別人覺得他像)seem：根據(jù)某種跡象得出一種結(jié)論或看法 It seems to seems like a king.(他的外表舉止給人感覺像)look：根據(jù)外表推斷He looks like a king.（他看起來像，但實際不是。）