【導(dǎo)讀】SE-10044，瑞典首都斯德哥爾摩。熱力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫以獲取動態(tài)模擬冶金過程的現(xiàn)象。這種建模方法已被應(yīng)用在一個。基本的氧氣頂吹轉(zhuǎn)爐模型。通過各種氣體之間的反應(yīng)研究。結(jié)果表明,大量的。表面氣體的流通是完全受對流控制的。此外，在這個過程中大量產(chǎn)生的CO脫。碳可能會放慢從浴缸噴出的液滴的脫碳率。在目前的模擬反映實(shí)驗(yàn)室的實(shí)驗(yàn)條。件下，這點(diǎn)也被證實(shí)在這個過程中所產(chǎn)生的爐渣接近于零，做含碳量的模擬，從而得到的碳含量的粗略估計。和一些數(shù)值或計算流體動力學(xué)的報告。Nakazono等人描述了鐵液表面的超音速氧氣噴射沖擊時的含。通過計算表明在真空和表面處理條件下天然氣和鋼。CFD模型介紹，瓊森等。在目前的熱力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫中是存在的以及不超過CFD軟件的運(yùn)算能力。為了獲得準(zhǔn)確描述了熱力學(xué)特征，軟件Thermo-Calc被使用使用。能與熱力學(xué)的軟件應(yīng)用程序編程接口使用TQ操作。如果再加上CFD,擴(kuò)張將發(fā)生在以下步驟中,作為額外的氣體質(zhì)量被添加到細(xì)胞源。這是由于低流量來自高層的射擊流。

　　

【正文】 surface is almost exclusively filled with O2 so no CO is present there, except for a thin layer right next to the bath surface. The CO gas amount then bees gradually more pronounced as the distance to the wall decreases. 5. Conclusions A new modeling approach has been presented where a CFD software has been coupled to a thermodynamic database (ThermoCalc) using custom subroutines to obtain possible to make a dynamic coupling of the ThermoCalc databases and the CFD software to make dynamic simulations of metallurgical processes such as a topblown converter. Specific conclusions from the top blown converter simulations include: (1) Turbulent diffusion of species can not be neglected when considering the species transport in the surface area. 附錄三 外文翻譯 (2) The large amount of CO produced during the decarburization might slow down the rate of decarburization in droplets ejected from the bath. (3) It is possible to use extrapolation of the decarburization rate, sampled from a few seconds of simulation, to get a rough estimate of the carbon content at a later stage in the process as long as the carbon content is relatively high (pare next point). (4) For the current system, concentrations of about 3 mass% carbon in the steel yields no initial amount of slag. FeO and/or SiO2 created are close to zero . only gas (CO_CO2) is created as the oxygen jet hits the steel bath. To find out the bination of concentrations, flow rates and temperatures that renders the most efficient decarburization, a future parametric study would be of interest. Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) and the Swedish steel industry through the Centre for Computational Thermodynamics (CCT). Nomenclature D0 : Molecular mass diffusivity [m2 s_1] Dt: Turbulent mass diffusivity [m2 s_1] e: Turbulence dissipation [m2 s_3] fC : Mass fraction carbon in steel f? C: Massweighted average mass fraction carbon in steel g : Gravitational acceleration [m s_2] k: Turbulence kiic energy [m2 s_2] ki 0 : Diffusion coefficient of species i [kgm_1 s_1] kc eff: Effective thermal conductivity [Wm_1K_1] 附錄三 外文翻譯 m : Molecular viscosity [kgm_1 s_1] n : Kinematic viscosity [m2 s_1] m˙ : Mass rate of change [kg s_1] Ni : Number of phases Nk : Number of scalars in the phase k f : General transported property f i k : Scalar k in phase i P : Pressure [Nm_2] Pe : Cell Pecl233。t number Prt: Turbulent Prandtl number r : Density [kgm_3] Sf : Source term for general property f Sct: Turbulent Scmidt number (here ) ur : Radial velocity ponent [m s_1] uz : Axial velocity ponent [m s_1] G : Diffusion coefficient for general property f REFERENCES 1) E. T. Turkdogan: Chem. Eng. Sci., 21 (1966), 1133. 2) N. A. Molloy: J. Iron Steel Inst., (1970), Oct., 943. 3) T. Kumagai and M. Iguchi: ISIJ Int., 41 (2021), S52. 4) A. Nordquist, N. Kumbhat, L. Jonsson and P. J246。nsson: Steel Res. Int., 2 (2021), 82. 5) B. Banks and D. V. Chandrasekhara: J. Fluid Mechanics, 15 (1963), 13. 6) A. Chatterjee and A. V. Bradshaw: The Interaction Between Gas Jets and Liquids, Including Molten Metals, 314. 7) M. Ersson, A. Tilliander, M. Iguchi, L. Jonsson and P. J246。nsson: ISIJ int., 46 (2021), No. 8, 1137. 8) J. Szekely and S. Asai: Metall. Trans, 5 (1974), 464. 9) A. Nguyen and G. Evans: 3rd Int. Conf. on CFD in the Minerals and 附錄三 外文翻譯 Process Industries CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, (2021), 71. 10) . Zhang, . Du, . Wei: Ironmaking Steelmaking, 12 (1985), 249. 11) . Odenthal, U. Falkenreck and J. Schl252。ter: European Conf. on Computational Fluid Dynamics, the Netherlands, (2021). 12) D. Nakazono, . Abe, M. Nishida and K. Kurita: ISIJ Int., 44 (2021), 91. 13) M. Ersson, A. Tilliander, and P. J246。nsson: Proc. Sohn Int. Symp Advanced Processing of Metals and Materials, ed. by F. Kongoli and R. G. Reddy, TMS, San diego, USA, Aug 27–31, (2021), p. 271. 14) L. Jonsson, D. Sichen and P. J246。nsson: ISIJ Int., 38 (1998), 260. 15) L. Jonsson: PhD Thesis, Dept. of Metallurgy, KTH, Sweden, (1998). 16) L. Jonsson, P. J246。nsson, S. Seetharaman and D. Sichen: Proc. of 6th Japan–Nordic Countries Steel Symp., ISIJ, Tokyo, (2021), 77. 17) C. W. Hirt and B. D. Nichols: Comput. Physics, 39 (1981), 201. 18) B. E. Launder and D. B. Spalding: Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 3 (1974), 269. 19) Fluent User’s Manual, (2021). 20) . Shih, W. W. Liou, A. Shabbir, Z. Yang and J. Zhu: Computers Fluids, 24 (1995), 227. 21) . Andersson, T. Helander, L. H246。glund, P. Shi, and B. Sundman: Calphad, 26 (2021), 273. 22) A. Nordquist, A. Tilliander and P. J246。nsson: Proc. 5th European Oxygen Steelmaking conf., Aachen, Germany, (2021), 519.