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d D. V. Chandrasekhara: J. Fluid Mechanics, 15 (1963), 13. 6) A. Chatterjee and A. V. Bradshaw: The Interaction Between Gas Jets and Liquids, Including Molten Metals, 314. 7) M. Ersson, A. Tilliander, M. Iguchi, L. Jonsson and P. J246。nsson: ISIJ int., 46 (2021), No. 8, 1137. 8) J. Szekely and S. Asai: Metall. Trans, 5 (1974), 464. 9) A. Nguyen and G. Evans: 3rd Int. Conf. on CFD in the Minerals andProcess Industries CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, (2021), 71. 10) . Zhang, . Du, . Wei: Ironmaking Steelmaking, 12 (1985), 249. 11) . Odenthal, U. Falkenreck and J. Schl252。ter: European Conf. onComputational Fluid Dynamics, the Netherlands, (2021). 12) D. Nakazono, . Abe, M. Nishida and K. Kurita: ISIJ Int., 44 (2021), 91. 13) M. Ersson, A. Tilliander, and P. J246。nsson: Proc. Sohn Int. Symp Advanced Processing of Metals and Materials, ed. by F. Kongoli and R. G. Reddy, TMS, San diego, USA, Aug 27–31, (2021), p. 271. 14) L. Jonsson, D. Sichen and P. J246。nsson: ISIJ Int., 38 (1998), 260. 15) L. Jonsson: PhD Thesis, Dept. of Metallurgy, KTH, Sweden, (1998). 16) L. Jonsson, P. J246。nsson, S. Seetharaman and D. Sichen: Proc. of 6th Japan–Nordic 附錄三 外文翻譯 Countries Steel Symp., ISIJ, Tokyo, (2021), 77. 17) C. W. Hirt and B. D. Nichols: Comput. Physics, 39 (1981), 201. 18) B. E. Launder and D. B. Spalding: Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 3 (1974), 269. 19) Fluent User’s Manual, (2021). 20) . Shih, W. W. Liou, A. Shabbir, Z. Yang and J. Zhu: Computers Fluids, 24 (1995), 227. 21) . Andersson, T. Helander, L. H246。glund, P. Shi, and B. Sundman: Calphad, 26 (2021), 273. 22) A. Nordquist, A. Tilliander and P. J246。nsson: Proc. 5th European Oxygen Steelmaking conf., Aachen, Germany, (2021), 519. 附錄三 外文翻譯 Dynamic Coupling of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics Software: Applied on a Top Blown Converter Mikael ERSSON, Lars H214。GLUND, Anders TILLIANDER, Lage JONSSON and P228。r J214。NSSON Division of Applied Process Metallurgy, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.(Received on November 8, 2021。 accepted on December 10, 2021)A novel modeling approach is presented where a putational fluid dynamics software is coupled to thermodynamic databases to obtain dynamic simulations of metallurgical process phenomena. The modeling approach has been used on a fundamental model of a topblown converter. Reactions between gas–steel, gas–slag, steel–slag and gas–steel–slag have been considered. The results show that the mass transport in the surface area is totally controlled by convection. Also, that a large amount of CO produced during the decarburization might slow down the rate of decarburization in droplets ejected from the bath. For the present simulation conditions reflecting laboratory experiments, it was also seen that the amount of slag (FeO and/or SiO2) created is close to zero, . only gas (CO_CO2) is created as the oxygen jet hits the steel bath. It was also illustrated how an extrapolation of the decarburization rate, sampled from a few seconds of simulation, could be done to get a rough estimate of the carbon content at a later stage in the process as long as the carbon content is relatively high. The overall conclusion is that it is possible to make a dynamic coupling of the ThermoCalc databases and a CFD software to make dynamic simulations of metallurgical processes such as a topblown converter. KEY WORDS: BOF。 CFD。 thermodynamics。 modeling。 slag and dynamic simulations. 附錄三 外文翻譯 1. Introduction In many metallurgical processes involving an oxygenjet impinging onto a steel bath surface, a good understanding of the underlying fluid dynamics is desirable in order to optimize the involved kiics such as decarburization. There have been several experimental reports on the subject for instance1–7) and also some numerical or Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) –13) Szekely and Asai8) presented a putational model of a jet impinging onto a liquid surface. Ngyen and Evans investigated the effect the nozzletopool diameter ratio had on the deformation of the liquid surface caused by an impinging jet, using a putational ) Zhang et al. modeled a bined blown case where a top jet as well as a submerged jet was employed. 10) Odenthal et al. showed a multiphase CFD model of a top blown converter where splashing phenomena due to the impinging jet was investigated as well as the mixing time in the converter due to bottom and top ) Nakazono et al. described a twophase numerical analysis of a supersonic O2jet impinging on a liquid iron surface containing ) The calculations were performed under vacuum and addressed surface chemistry between the gas and the st