【導讀】沖壓是機械制造業(yè)中一種較先進的加工方法，與切削加工相比，具有材料利用率高、制品力學性能好，互換性強、生產效率高等優(yōu)點。我設計的這套復合模具，采用倒裝復合模具沖壓，因為倒裝模具有許多的優(yōu)點，比如說：制件精度高，由于是在沖床的一次行程內，完成數道沖壓工序。因而不存在累積定位誤差。使沖出的制件內外形相對位置及各件的尺寸一致性非常好，制件平直。生產效率高,模具結構緊湊，面積較小。由于采用彈壓卸料裝置，使沖制出的工件平整，表面質量好。采用打料桿將工件或廢料從凹?？字写蛳?，因而工件或廢料不在凹?？變确e聚，可減少工件可廢料對孔的漲力。從而可減少凹模的壁厚，使凹模的外形尺寸縮小，節(jié)約模具材料。該復合模具結構特點是：凸凹模安裝在下模座上，采用彈壓卸料裝置將廢料從凸凹模上卸下。

　　

【正文】 mould CAD (CAD) in the eighties of the 20th century since technology, this technology has already been approved, and must e fast development. The mould puter that began development in the 1990s assists the project analysis (CAE) Technology is the application of a lot of enterprises too now。 it plays an apparent role in shortening the mould and making cycle and improving mould quality. The mould enterprises of some industrially developed countries employ CAD technology, already from designing the threedimension of developing to be designed twodimensionally, the threedimension is designed and has already been more than 70%. Most enterprises of China still remain at the twodimensional level designed, the enterprises that can design the threedimension are still less than 20%. CAE software employ already relatively general abroad, employ, little, use for, predict part take shape course might take place level of defect still relatively low relatively still at home. Designing technique of the mould and CAD and CAE software should heighten the level which in several the following respects in the future: 1. Mold design database and knowledge base system。 2. Project planning of mould and conceptual design。 3. Rational exertion of mould material and standard ponent。 4. Mould rigidity, intensity, one flow and cool the design of the thorough fare。 5. Plastic mould plastics take shape various simulation of the course analyze (mould plastics and take shape, including plastics fill mould, protect press, cool, warping, shrink, fibrous orientation, etc. simulation analyze), and the structural stress is analyzed etc. the heatconduction and analysis, solidifying of course of cooling. Calculate, pour system and mould pressure field, temperature field, velocity field of, shear emergency speed field and shear in conformity with distribution of force field and analyze result their, it is very plicated and timeconsuming. It is already in technology in this simulation from in piece flow there aren39。t technology, can develop into fast entity flow technology correct and, produce, meet plastics pieces of fictitious threedimension to make requirement mould plastics, flow simulation software soon。 6. Mould metal take shape simulation of course, wrinkle and break analysis, stress meet an emergency with the resilience analyzing etc. 7. Keep mould for casting die casting take shape, flow simulation, heatconduction and solidify to analyze etc. die forging takes shape the simulation of course and metal flow and are filled with and analyzed etc.。 9. Raise and design and analyze the fast, intelligent and integrated level of the software, strengthen their function, in order to adapt to the constant development of the mould. Besides mould CAD/CAE technology, the mould is very important too in technological design. Auxiliary technological design of the puter (CAPP) Technology has already begun to apply in Chinese mould enterprise. Because most moulds are that single one is produced, the products that its rules of craft are different from producing in batches, so employ CAPP technological difficulty to be relatively great, it is difficult to have CAPP software of all kinds of suitable moulds and different moulds enterprises. In order to employ CAPP technology well, enterprise must do the mould well and develop and study. Though CAPP technical application and difficulty popularized are high, must pay attention to this developing direction. Project (KBE) on the basis of knowledge Technology is to face the automatic important tool of modern design decision, have already bee and promoted the intelligent important route of engineering design, paid attention to in recent years, will have a important impact on intelligence, optimization design of the mould. Developing direction of the process technology of the mould The mould of China is divided into small kind of 10 big classes 46. Different kinds of moulds have different preparation method。 the similar mould can be finished by different process technologies too. The work that the mould is processed mainly concentrates on the mould type a piece of processing, surface are processed and assembled, the preparation method mainly has accurate casting, processing, electric spark processing, electric chemical milling, laser and other high energy beam of metal cutting that process, and the plex incorporating more than two kinds of preparation method into an organic whole is processed etc.. Numerical control and puter constant development of technology, make them must e to extensive application among a lot of mould preparation method. In the diversification and individualized and obvious day by day of industrial product variety, the model change es fast, the market petition es under fierce situation, users require the mould to make delivery date short, with high, high in quality precision, the price is low, drive the process technology of the mould to develop towards the following aspects. Mill the technology of paring at a high speed The key enterprises of some backbones of mould manufacturing industry of China, successively introduced the highspeed milling machine and highspeed machining center in recent years, they have already played a very good role in the mould is processed. The supreme rotational speed of processing the main shaft of the lathe abroad at a high speed at present has already exceeded 100000r/min, has entered for the pace to can reach 120m/min fast, the acceleration can reach 12g, can improve to change a one hundred sheets of time to 12s. In this way, can improve the efficiency of processing by a large margin, and can obtain surface roughness of processing of Ra≤ 1, can cut the high hardness material above 60HRc, take shape to process and bring challenges for the electric spark. Up to the improvement of the rotational speed of the main shaft, lathe structure and sys