【導讀】得到了所研究的農村勞動力的多方面情況：年齡分布情況、在村務農和外出打工人員分布的情況、該。村村民年收入情況及收入組成等情況?？偨Y出了勞動力現(xiàn)狀所體現(xiàn)出的一些規(guī)律。并試圖解釋這些現(xiàn)象，最后針對這些現(xiàn)象中的不利因素提出若干合理建議和對策。師的指導下進行的研究工作及取得的成果。盡我所知，除文中特別加。究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特別加以標注引用的內容外，本論文。不包含任何其他個人或集體已經發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。究做出重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標明。全意識到本聲明的法律后果由本人承擔。本學位論文作者完全了解學校有關保留、使用學位論文的規(guī)定，同意學校保留并向國家有關部門或機構送交論文的復印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權大學可以將本學位。印或掃描等復制手段保存和匯編本學位論文。涉密論文按學校規(guī)定處理。

　　

【正文】 Adjusting the mix of the agricultural production and giving full play to regional parative advantages。 Developing highquality, specialpurpose and pollutionfree farm produce and improving the quality of farm produce in an allround way。 Developing the farm produce processing industry and increasing the added value of farm produce。 Promoting adjustment of rural employment structure and accelerating transfer of rural surplus laborers. Reducing the Number of Farmers: While Chinese cities are facing increasing unemployment, rural areas have also witnessed a swelling population of surplus farmers. Statistics show that China now has about 150 million surplus rural laborers, a number which will increase by another 6 million annually in the ing years, due to a further reduction in farmlands and improvement of agricultural productivity. Yang Zhongshu, Standing Committee Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People39。s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), holds that China, a country with abundant labor resources and insufficient farmland resources, should vigorously develop labor and technology intensive agricultural products and increase the internal employment capacity of agriculture. He believes this is a rational approach for restructuring agricultural production, as well as the right option for absorbing surplus agricultural manpower. Of the current Chinese rural laborers, those who are illiterate or semiilliterate form 16 percent of the total。 those who have received primary school education constitute 40 percent。 and those who have received vocational education or training make up only 5 percent. The low educational level of the rural labor force is aggravating the excess of rural labors. Export suggest that the supply of the lowquality laborers could be altered through enhanced education and training, thus providing more employment opportunities. They believe this is key to resolving the redundancy of the rural labor force. Experts also suggest that an employment service system be established, providing a guarantee for the transfer of the rural labor force. Implementing TaxforFee Reform Increasing farmers39。 ine should start with reducing their burdens, said Wu Shuqing, Member of the NPC Financial and Economic Committee. Records show that the percapita ine of Chinese farmers increased percent annually on average between 199499, while various agricultural taxes on them rose percent during the same period. Overstaffed town and township government institutions were also basically supported by farmers, which added to the burden of farmers. Taxforfee reform in rural areas is widely considered a policy aimed at fundamentally reducing farmers39。 burdens and guaranteeing their ine. This ongoing reform aims to straighten out various taxes and fees levied 陜西理工學院畢業(yè)論文 第 20 頁 共 26 頁 on farmers by grassroots government institutions, and abolish irrational fees before introducing a uniform agricultural tax. The cost of the transfer of rural labor force study, At the Second Session of the Ninth NPC held in March 1999, Premier Zhu demanded that relevant departments loses no time in working out and implementing the taxforfee reform program in rural areas. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council jointly issued a circular in April 20xx, deciding to carry out experiments with rural taxforfee reform in Anhui Province and some counties in other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The experiments were aimed of a regular rural tax/fee system and for fundamental lightening of farmers39。 loads. Premier Zhu has reiterated that while drastically reducing farmers39。 burdens during the rural taxforfee reform, measures should be taken to ensure necessary expenses for normal work and development of township and villages, especially the outlay for pulsory education in rural areas. It is reported that taxforfee reform, which has been handicapped due to financial difficulties at county and township levels, will be pushed forward in midst of the Central Government39。s increase in financial transfer payment. In his report delivered at this year39。s NPC session, Finance Minister Xiang Huaicheng said the trial of the reform will be expanded to onethird of China39。s provinces, and for this, the central finance will increase 15 billion yuan in special transfer payments. At present, with an increasing number of rural laborers moved to cities, more and more countries are also concerned about the transfer of rural surplus labor force, from an economic point of view, the transfer of rural surplus labor force in the rural labor force is actually their own resources an optimal , the transfer of the labor process, is also acpanied by a number of issues that require attention and national governments to help farmers. Due to the characteristics of rural labor, as well as macropolicy and economic environment, the rural labor force reallocation of resources not only in the performance space and the movement of interindustry and at the same time farmers need to pay for the cost of transfer, which costs Compared to lowine farmers, in fact, a huge about how effectively the vital interests of the farmers, help farmers to reduce labor costs, is to be the primary concern. China is a large agricultural country, is currently in transition from a planned economy to market economy, from agriculture to the industrial countries, from the least developed agricultural society to industrial society developed the process of transition. This great social progress and social change has brought fundamental changes in China39。s rural areas is steadily promoting agricultural and rural strategic adjustment of economic structure, while speeding up the rural labor from agricultural to nonagricultural industries and to cities and towns s