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通信系統(tǒng)中數(shù)字調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的matlab仿真論文--畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-資料下載頁

2024-12-01 15:33本頁面

【導(dǎo)讀】系統(tǒng)性能提高的重要途徑。本文首先分析了數(shù)字調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的五種基本調(diào)制解調(diào)方。通過仿真,觀察了調(diào)制解調(diào)過程中各環(huán)節(jié)時(shí)域和頻域的波。及仿真模型的可靠性。量隨基帶信號(hào)的變化而變化。根據(jù)控制的載波參量的不同,數(shù)字調(diào)制有調(diào)幅、調(diào)。相和調(diào)頻三種基本形式,并可以派生出多種其他形式。由于傳輸失真、傳輸損耗。以及保證帶內(nèi)特性的原因,基帶信號(hào)不適合在各種信道上進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)距離傳輸。因此,大部分現(xiàn)代通信系統(tǒng)都使用數(shù)字調(diào)制技術(shù)。通信系統(tǒng)的重要部分之一,對(duì)它的研究也是有必要的。系統(tǒng),獲得更佳的傳輸性能。難于實(shí)現(xiàn)的各種試驗(yàn),以及易于實(shí)現(xiàn)完全相同條件下的重復(fù)試驗(yàn)等。Matlab的編程功能簡(jiǎn)單,并且很容易擴(kuò)展和創(chuàng)造新的命令與函。應(yīng)用Matlab可方便地解決復(fù)雜數(shù)值計(jì)算問題。動(dòng)態(tài)仿真環(huán)境,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)可視化建模和多工作環(huán)境間文件互用和數(shù)據(jù)交換。仿真軟件包用差分方程和微分方程建模相比,更直觀、方便和靈活。

  

【正文】 真結(jié)果說明在相同傳輸條件下, QPSK、 OQPSK 調(diào)制以比 BPSK 調(diào)制高 1倍的速率傳輸信息, QPSK 誤碼率高于 BPSK 約 30 倍, OQPSK 誤碼 率高于 BPSK約 倍,由于是相位調(diào)制,頻譜反映了具有不同相位特性的同一載波 ,因此頻譜特性一致。正因?yàn)槭窍辔徽{(diào)制,每符號(hào)采樣取 16(大于 1)可以得到更好的系統(tǒng)性能,此時(shí)在誤碼表中應(yīng)該正確地選取與之相應(yīng)的接受延遲參數(shù)。星座圖顯示的是傳輸環(huán)境 SNR(信噪比)為 6 dB 時(shí)的圖形。 MFSK 、 MPSK 最后再來介紹一下多元調(diào)制仿真。 多元數(shù)字調(diào)制是提高通信系統(tǒng)的頻帶利用率一個(gè)重要途徑。相同的碼元寬度占據(jù)相同頻帶寬度的資源,多元調(diào)制情況下一個(gè)符號(hào)(碼元)代表了若干比特的信息。相同頻率資源下 ,傳輸了更多的信息。 但是提高頻帶利用率是以降低功率利用率為代價(jià)的。相同的發(fā)射功率下,信號(hào)空間中元數(shù)越多,各個(gè)信號(hào)之間的距離越小,抗干擾能力越差。因?yàn)橄嗤脑肼暪β适切盘?hào)偏離原有位置相同的距離,信號(hào)之間的距離愈小,接收時(shí)錯(cuò)判的概率愈大。為了降低誤碼率,只有提高發(fā)射功率。對(duì)于移動(dòng)設(shè)備等場(chǎng)合提高功率又是難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。在工程實(shí)踐中應(yīng)權(quán)衡二者的關(guān)系。 我們主要介紹 MFSK、 MPSK,首先介紹 MFSK。 MFSK 簡(jiǎn)稱多頻制,原理上是二進(jìn)制數(shù)字頻率鍵控的直接推廣。系統(tǒng)組成 如下: 圖 多進(jìn)制系統(tǒng)的組成方框圖 原則 上,多頻制具有多進(jìn)制調(diào)制的一切特點(diǎn),當(dāng)優(yōu)于多頻制占據(jù)較寬的頻, 因而頻帶利用率不高。其第一零點(diǎn)帶寬為 fM - f1 + 2fs。 多進(jìn)制數(shù)字頻率調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的抗噪聲性能 可以 參照二進(jìn)制頻率調(diào)制性能分析方法,對(duì)于多進(jìn)制的非相干和相干接收,除包含發(fā)送信號(hào)的那條通道的抽樣值服從廣義瑞利分布外,其它各通道的抽樣值都服從瑞利分布??傻孟到y(tǒng)誤碼率, 多頻系統(tǒng)相干檢測(cè)和非相干檢測(cè)得誤碼率曲線 下圖: 圖 多進(jìn)制時(shí)的誤碼率曲線 從中可見,無論相干還是非相干,系統(tǒng)誤碼率僅與信噪比 r 和進(jìn)制數(shù) M 有關(guān)。在 M 一定的情況下, r 越大,則 Pe越??;在一定 r 下, M 越大,則 Pe越大;另外,相干和非相干性能之間的差距隨 M 的增大而減??;并且,同 M 下的每一對(duì)相干和非相干曲線隨 r 的增加而趨于同一極限。 設(shè)計(jì) MFSK 仿真模型如圖 所示 。 下面再來介紹 MPSK。 又稱多相制,利用載波的多種不同相位或相位差來表示數(shù)字信息的調(diào)制方式。多相調(diào)制的波形可以看作是對(duì)兩個(gè)正交載波進(jìn)行多電平雙邊帶調(diào)制所的 信號(hào)之和。其帶寬與多電平雙邊帶調(diào)制相同。 和二相調(diào)制一樣,多相調(diào)制也可以分為絕對(duì)移相合相對(duì)(差分)移相兩種。在實(shí)際通信中大多采用相對(duì)移相。 對(duì)于 M( M2)相調(diào)制波形,由于 M 種相位可以用來表示 K 比特碼元的 2K 種狀態(tài) 。假設(shè) K 比特碼元的持續(xù)時(shí)間仍為 sT ,則 M 相調(diào)制波形可以表示為, 式中 通常,多相制中使用最廣泛的是四相制和八相制,即 M=4 或 8。四相制前面已經(jīng)介紹過,故不贅述。 數(shù)字調(diào)制的性能比較 各種仿真模型的 性能比較 數(shù)字調(diào)制的方式有很多種,各種調(diào)制方式的調(diào)制性能也存在差異,因此,我們研究以上仿真模型的性能,并進(jìn)行比較。 調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)制性能是指誤碼率與信道信噪比之間的關(guān)系,因此,我們需要連續(xù)改變信道的信噪比,然后獲得相應(yīng)的誤碼率,在做出兩者的關(guān)系曲線。 這里我們比較 2FSK、 2DPSK 和 MSK 三種模型的調(diào)制性能,因?yàn)椋?2ASK 在現(xiàn)實(shí)中用的很少,討論它的性能的意義不大。 由前面的分析已知,要研究系統(tǒng)的性能,必須傳送足夠多的碼元,因此,我們對(duì)各仿真模型的參數(shù)做如下修改: 信號(hào)源 : Sample time : 1/1200; 調(diào)制和解調(diào)模塊 Symbol period: 1/1200 Frequency separation (Hz): 1000(可調(diào)) Carrier frequency (Hz): 10000(可調(diào)) Carrier initial phase (rad): 0 Input sample time(s): 1/48000 Output sample time(s): 1/48000 然后在 M文件中編寫程序,對(duì)各模型的調(diào)制性能進(jìn)行比較,并做出關(guān)系曲線。 運(yùn)行程序(具體程序見附錄 [2]),得到性能比 較的結(jié)果如圖 所示: ? ? tkTtgbtkTtgatkTtgte ck skck skkck s ???? s i n)(c os)(c os)()(0 ??? ???????kkkkk ba ??? s i n,c o s, ??是受調(diào)相位 上圖是 2FSK、 2DPSK和 MSK三種模型在傳送 1200個(gè)碼元的情況下,誤碼率與信噪比的關(guān)系曲線,從圖中可以看出,誤碼率隨著信道信噪比的增大而減小,而且,信噪比越大,誤碼率減小得越快。三種模型比較, 2FSK性能最好,MSK次之, 2DPSK最差。 仿真模型性能與理論性能的比較 4 外文翻譯 原文 In the last few years, in the mobile munication modulates the demodulation technology superiority in the development speed and the new application number aspect, for human extremely profound with the social economy development, the modulating technology modulating technique renews continuously again and is consummating, at the same time, the mobile munication has passed through the first generation of mobile munication, the second generation of mobile munication and soon enters the third generation mobile 、 this, the modulating technology modulating technique development is playing the extremely vital role in inside. In recent years, our mobile munication service swift and violent development, perated into social life each aspect, facing the motion user group continually growth and new service emerging one after another incessantly, the mobile munication system must adapt promptly even in advance in the market demand took of a digital modulating technology modulating technique mobile munication core technologies is the realization high speed, the highly effective mobile munication system important digital modulation demodulation technology holds the extremely important status in the digital munication, the monly used digital modulation includes: Frequency shift keying (FSK) and phaseshift keying (PSK) and so on. At present has used in the mobile munication system the modulating technology modulating technique being possible to divide into two big kinds: The linear modulation technology and the permanent enveloping modulating technology modulating technique linear modulation technology mainly has: PSKBPSK、 QPSK OQPSK/4 – QPSK、 QAM、 16QAM、 64QAM、 256QAM .the permanent envelope modulating technology modulating technique mainly has: MSK TFM GMSK. The article in view of the three kind of basicial modulation demodulation technology has carried on the detailed simulation and the analysis, obviously, chooses one kind of modulating technology modulating technique is determined according to the channel characteristic and the power efficiency and the frequency spectrum efficiency cannot be satisfactory to both sides generally uneven high frequency spectrum efficiency needs to sacrifice certain power efficiency to obtain。 Similarly, the high power efficiency also needs to sacrifice certain frequency spectrum with the modulation technique in the unceasing development, the new modulating technology modulating technique might bring the better frequency spectrum efficiency and the higher power efficiency. FSK and PSK in the numeral mobile munication the find application, in which FSK already obtained the use in the simulation mobile munication digital applies in the fixed pointtopoint digital microwave system widely, it has the very high frequency spectrum use the mobile munication environment regarding the traditional QAM modulation is the serious challenge, but in teaches in the character mobile munication system also to have uses Europe39。s numeral mobile munication to use is the GMSK modulation, but American and Japan39。s numeral mobile munication uses the QPSK modulating technology modulating digital modulating technology modulating technique discussed which in 1986 ago international conference nearly all concentrated in the above permanent enveloping modulating technology modulating technique, the GMSK modulation received universal wele in recent years as a result of the amplifier design technology progress, realized the modulation method possibly to 1987 the int
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