【導讀】此書為品質管制概論之必備手冊，係全面概述實際用於品質管理之要點。有人說，做品質管理須具備複雜的技能，錯了。如果你能理解此書所描述的品管理論的基本。概念，你至少可以解決80%的品質問題?，F在，讓我們與讀者逐章來認識何謂理想的品質。首先從頭到尾看遍手冊，即使是第二遍你也會有新的收穫。接著一個月以後再讀一遍，你就。會發(fā)現有些東西的確很實用，結合你的工作，每半年看一遍，你會受益非。我們希望這本手冊對公司的每個部門，無論是直接還是間接部門，都能廣泛地被適用?！髌髣澆康娜苏{整市場的需求，計劃滿足市場需求之商品。追根究柢，它們是手工製造產品。無論如何，我們要實、謙虛地觀察我們的工作，找出弱點。我們必須明確目標，確立實現目標之手段。觀察形勢或結果，看它們是否朝著目標前進。當它們沒有朝著目標發(fā)展時，進行必要的矯正。它們，以確保其能達到目標。

　　

【正文】 To make the ideal situation that we want to or have to realize clear is very helpful to concentrate the mental power of everybody. The target is set up relating to the pany policy or target, or sometimes set up independently in order to improve our own workshop. Independent target is like a target of sports, paring our situation to the record of the petitor, and in order to approach or clear the record of others, we set up the higher target Properly. So let39。s widely observe the level of your petitor or better workshop, to set up the target properly. 24Let39。s set up the achievable plan. We set up the plan to achieve our target, but often the plan is left as a plan. Most part of good result is produced by the good planning and preparation. It is said that a housewife who cooks well prepares well before cooking. 第 16 頁 共 24 頁 此資料來自 Before setting up the plan, let39。s think about following points. ⊙ Does the plan really lead to the success in realizing the target? ⊙ Can you get full cooperation of all people related to your job? ⊙ Is the concrete countermeasure considered? ⊙ Is the system of record and report of the control well planned to know the results and take action? Now, again, let39。s check the plan from the following points When Whole schedule and target of Who Who takes what part? What What are we going to do? Where Where is most advantageous to Why Why is it necessary to do? How How can we realize? 25To carry out the plan Vital will and Good method is necessary. To carry out the plan, everybody have to maintain vital will, and choose the Good method39。 utilizing the latest technology. Vital will: ⊙ Strong willingness to achieve the target, and positive action. ⊙ Enthusiasms to get full cooperation of other people. ⊙ Strong sense of responsibility to fulfill what is decided. Good method: ⊙ Application of statistical method. ⊙ Adequate standardization, systematization of data collection. ⊙ Utilization of knowledge and. skill of each individual. Basically, developing vital mind and capability of each person is indispensable. To carry out the program, it is important to confirm whether everybody is fully aware of the final objective. When certain change of circumstances or severe difficulty is found, it39。s better not to hesitate to change the plan in order to achieve the objective without foil. 26 Checking the result and revaluation At the beginning of the process, everybody starts with full enthusiasm, but in the course of time, it sometimes happens that the enthusiasm fade away, and nobody care about the results. One of the most important steps of control circle is Checking. We always have to watch and check the process and results. As described before, we have to decide the control points when setting up the plan. 第 17 頁 共 24 頁 此資料來自 Then, check the results according to the control points, and analyze the process to know why we got such results. . people lay more stress on process than results. For example, when we won a football game, we have to analyze the process, whether it was lead by good performance of players other team or by lucky occasion like a mistake of the other team. Revaluation of . should not be an abstract one like Pardon me, I will be more careful., but should lead to reasonable countermeasures to eliminate bad causes. 27 Four steps of countermeasures in order not to repeat same problem. Most of the problems are experienced before by somebody in our section. We have to take permanent countermeasures in order not to repeat same problem. For this, the following 4 steps of countermeasures are all necessary. (1) First, we have to eliminate defective products included in the stock. (2) Analyze and eliminate the cause of the defects. (For example, repair the mold.) (3) In order not to repeat the same problem, set up the rule to watch variation of the cause. (For example, check the mold once a week.) (4) Set up the check and record system to confirm that the check of the cause is constantly One example A president got very angry finding the clock of the guestroom stopped, What if the guest read。 wrong time? His secretary found the battery worn out, and replaced it. Now, it is all for her to do? Several months later, what will happen? What should we do more? Chapter 3 Fundamental attitude of Quality Control is scientific approach, based on the fact and data. 31Let39。s observe the fact, and collect the data. In our daily activities there are many cases where we talk and discuss without confirming the fact. Moreover, sometimes it happens that something to be believed as the tact is found that it was not the fact but an opinion of somebody. In such a way, we cannot proceed quality control scientifically and it is difficult to improve quality of products or quality control system. First, w