【正文】 4. 超支 5. 設計概算 6. 預算成本 7. 概念預算，概預算 My family are very traditional Warm up 熱身練習 Comprehension Complete the sentences with these words: traditional embarrassed rich interested serious worried 1 A lot of people are ......................... in the new business. 2 Harry wants to have a more ....................... relationship with Bindyu. 3 Harry thinks Bindyu is .......................... by him. 4 Bindyu tells Olivia she is ........................ about taking Harry home. 5 Harry doesn‘t think he is ................... enough for Binyu‘s family. 6 Bindyu thinks her family is very ................... My family are very traditional 1. I want to spend ................... 2. I‘d like to take our relationship....................... 3. She doesn‘t want .......................... 4. Let her know I ........................ 5. He was talking ..................... 6. He thinks you don‘t ..................... A want him to meet your family. B me to meet her parents. C was looking for her! D about you, actually. E more time with Bindyu. F a bit more seriously. Grammar Match the sentence halves. 從 A到 F中選擇可以填入 1到 6句中，每句限用一次 My family are very traditional 【 Audio script】 Episode 43: My family are very traditional Olivia: Hey Harry! How‘s it going? Harry: Not bad thanks... Olivia: Are you a millionaire yet? Harry: Eh? What? Oh...Fadi‘s ―FindLondon‖ business.... Actually it‘s going pretty well – we‘ve set up a website and now we‘re taking lots of enquiries, there‘s a lot of interest. But I‘m only an investor, you know – it‘s not my real job... Olivia: Sounds even better if you can make money without working! Harry: Yeah! I guess that‘s the plan. That‘s Fadi‘s plan anyhow! But – as your friend Magda says – there‘s more to life than money... My family are very traditional Olivia: Well, that‘s certainly true... Harry: I mean, I want to spend more time with Bindyu – that‘s what makes me really happy... Olivia: Why don‘t you just go out more together? Harry: Well, we see each other most days...but it‘s not that... Olivia: What is it then? Harry: I‘d like to take our relationship a bit more seriously... Olivia: But? Harry: But she doesn‘t want me to meet her parents... Olivia: Oh. I see. Why not? Harry: That‘s just it – I don‘t know really...I think she‘s embarrassed by me, or ashamed of me...or something... Olivia: No! That can‘t be true! Why do you think that? My family are very traditional Harry: I don‘t know – perhaps I‘m not rich enough, or successful enough...you know, I‘m just an ordinary London guy...anyhow, I must be off now – if you see Bindyu let her know I was looking for her! Olivia: Will do! Bye! Bindyu: Hey there! Olivia: Hello! Oh…Harry was just in here looking for you... Bindyu: I knew it...I meant to catch him – but just missed him! Olivia: He was talking about you, actually... Bindyu: Oh yeah? All good things I hope... Olivia: Yes...but... Bindyu: But? You mean there‘s a ―but‖? My family are very traditional Olivia: Yeah....he thinks you‘re not taking the relationship as seriously as he wants.. Bindyu: Oh no...that‘s not true...why does he think that? Olivia: He thinks you don‘t want him to meet your family... Bindyu: Oh...I see......It‘s not that I don‘t want him to meet my parents, it‘s just that it‘s ... Olivia: What? Bindyu: It‘s just difficult, that‘s all... Olivia: Why? Bindyu: Well...you know...we‘re so different...from different backgrounds...and my family are very traditional.... Olivia: I see...still, perhaps you should try... Bindyu: Yeah – maybe you‘re right. I‘ll try... Unit 7 Approaches of Cost Estimation 成本估算的方法 □ A cost estimate at a given stage of project development represents a prediction provided by the cost engineer or estimator on the basis of available data. □ 在項目開發(fā)過程中，某一特定階段的成本估算就是 造價工程師 根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)進行的預測。 □ According to the American Association of Cost Engineers, cost engineering is defined as that area of engineering practice where engineering judgment and experience are utilized in the application of scientific principles and techniques to the problem of cost estimation, cost control and profitability. □ 根據(jù) 美國造價工程師協(xié)會 定義，工程成本是指在工程實踐區(qū)域，運用工程判斷和經驗，以及科學原理和技術解決成本估算，成本控制和盈利問題。 □ A production function relates the amount or volume of output to the various input of labor, material and equipment. □ 產出函數(shù)與產出的總量和規(guī)模以及各種勞力、材料和設備的投入有關 Unit 7 Approaches of Cost Estimation 成本估算的方法 □ For example, the amount of output Q may be derived as a function of various input factors X1, X2… Xn by means of mathematical and /or statistical methods. □ 例如，輸出量 Q可以 表示為由 各種不同的投入參數(shù) X1, X2… Xn 通過數(shù)學或統(tǒng)計的方法得出的函數(shù)。 □ The relationship between the sizes of building project (expressed in square feet) and the input labor (expressed in labor hours per square foot) is an example of a production function for construction. □ 建設項目的大小（用平方英尺表示）和人力消耗（用勞動時間每平方英尺表示）之間的關系是施工中產出函數(shù)的一個例子。 □ Empirical estimation of cost functions requires statistical techniques which relate the cost of constructing or operating a facility to a few important characteristics or attributes of the system. □ 成本函數(shù)的 經驗估算 需要與項目成本或者經營設施系統(tǒng)幾個重要特征和屬性有關的統(tǒng)計方法。 Unit 7 Approaches of Cost Estimation 成本估算的方法 □ Once these tasks are deigned and quantities representing these tasks are assessed, a unit cost is assigned to each and then the total cost is determined by summing the costs incurred in each task. □ 一旦 這些工作及其工作量確定下來，每個工作的將會被確定一個 單價，然后總費用可由這些單價相加總和 確定 。 □ Construction cost only constitutes a fraction, though a substantial fraction, of the total project cost. □ 盡管是 重要 的一部分，建筑成本只占工程總造價一小部分。 □ The required levels of accuracy and quantities representing cost estimates vary at different stages of project dev