【正文】 (不可救藥地）postponers: n the world’s worst postponers who just could not free themselves from postponingn The number of attorneys who die without a will is amazing: n It is a usual practice for people to make a will, an official statement of the way they wish their property to be shared out after their death before they die. And it is generally the attorneys (AmE) or lawyers who administer the wills. But attorneys themselves postpone making their own wills.lawyer, attorney, barrister, counsel, solicitor (L 28)n These words all designate persons who had legal training, and are qualified to practice law.n Lawyer is the general term for anyone versed in the law and duly admitted to practice. Lawyer 是最普通和廣泛的術(shù)語，用來指授權(quán)給委托人提供法律咨詢并在法庭上為其辯護的人n Attorney is often used as synonym for lawyer in a general sense. In its strict sense it denotes an agent (who is not necessarily a lawyer) empowered to act in a legal capacity for another person. Attorney 通常可與lawyer 互換， 但從更狹的意義上說，它指在商業(yè)事務中代表委托人的法律代理n A qualified lawyer who is “called to the Bar” is known as a barrister He is petent to conduct court cases and, as a specialist in one of the branches of the law, is called upon for technical legal opinions and n A solicitor similarly qualified but is “admitted as a Solicitor”. Solicitors can conduct court cases but the majority do not often do so. In general, a solicitor advises and assists clients in the ordering of their affairs, and, when required, he prepares the materials to be used by a barrister in the ，訟狀律師n Counsel is a general term applied to barristers. But counsel may consist of one lawyer only or of a legal staff working as a unit to advise a client or to conduct a case in n . n Lawyers conduct lawsuits, advise clients of their legal rights and obligations, and may act on behalf of or plead for them in court.n While she was living in Europe, her brother had power of attorney over her property.n Mr. Johnson, a wellknown barrister, is to conduct the case in the higher court of law on behalf of the prosecution.n I was advised to put the matter into the hands of a solicitor.n After consulting with counsel, the defendant changed his idea. n chronic (= habitual) (L 32)n You describe someone’s bad habits or behavior as chronic when they behave like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.n . Everyone knew that he was a chronic oversleeper. n 大家都知道他總是睡過頭。n other examples: chronic money problems (長期的) chronic disease (慢性的)Paragraph 5n echelon: (often plural with singular meaning) (in a group of people or organization) rank, level 階層n .: the top echelon of the Civil Service 文職官員中的最高層n the leading echelons of a government 政府的領(lǐng)導階層n the higher (lower) echelons 較高（低）職位的全體人員breedn the caution that breeds delay: the great care that causes delay (L33)n . Rats breed rapidly. （to produce）n My friend Jane breeds water lilies (荷花；睡蓮). (to cultivate)n Some people believe that violence breeds violence. （cause to develop）n Fads breed in empty heads and full purses.n 流行時尚從空虛的頭腦和鼓脹的錢包中產(chǎn)生 Paragraph 6Watergate (1972)n ?Political scandaln ?President Richard Nixonn ?The burglarising of the Democratic Party national headquarters in the Watergate apartment plex in Washington,.n ?The first resignation of a . president n designation of a major United States political scandal that began with the burglary and wiretapping 竊聽 of the Democratic Party’s campaign headquarters, later engulfed President Richard M. Nixon and many of his supporters in a variety of illegal acts, and culminated in the first resignation of a . president.n The burglary was mitted on June 17, 1972, by five men who were caught in the offices of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate apartment and office plex in Washington, . Their arrest eventually uncovered a White Housesponsored plan of espionage 間諜 against political opponents and a trail of plicity 同謀 that led to many of the highest officials, including Nixon himself, who authorized the event. nn Bureaucratization, which flourished amid …prevent the hasty decisions from being made. (L 3942)n flourish: develop rapidlyn . Postmodernism made its first appearance in the late twentieth century and continues to flourish now.n Flourish, when speaking of a person, an animal, etc. means “grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way”.n . The trees planted on the school campus are flourishing.n We’re happy to see these disabled children flourish in their fosterhomes. n smother (= suffocate)n To smother someone means to cover their face with something so that they cannot breathe, sometimes with the result that they will die.n . Don’t put that cloth over the baby, you’ll smother him!n Paraphrase: Excessive redtape developed because public administration was expanding in scope and because society was growing more and more plicated. In this sense, redtape helped those in charge of policy to be fully engaged in an enormous amount of paperwork and judgment, thus making it impossible for an immature decision to result.n reappraisal: reassessment。 reevaluation 重新評估；重新評價n many languages are studded with phrases: many languages are provided with phrasesn stud: a small piece of metal which is attached to a surface as a decoration 飾釘n be studded with: be covered with something like studsn .: the sky studded with stars 星光燦爛n a sea studded with islandsParagraph 7n academe: the world of learning。 universities collectively 學術(shù)界n . academy: a place of study in a special field學院n . the Academy of Sciences of China中科院n take high honors: do very well, earn great distinction n Here, the author is saying playfully that academic people are no worse postponers than others.Churn out n churn out (= produce) (L 48)n If you churn something out, you produce them in large numbers very quickly, especially things of low quali