【正文】 der.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是 that summer, those who remained were found fleeing down… by new settles…, who encouraged them…。這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)句，翻譯時(shí)譯成主動(dòng)句。 who remained 是限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾主語(yǔ)those。謂語(yǔ)部分是 were found fleeing down…。第二個(gè)who 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，它的先行詞是 new settlers。介詞短語(yǔ) with fresh supplies 作new settlers的定語(yǔ)。 them 指代 those who remained。譯文：那年夏天，帶著給養(yǎng)剛剛到來(lái)的拓居者發(fā)現(xiàn)前期的幸存者們順著河流逃往英國(guó)，便勸說(shuō)他們?nèi)级?。by and large, the american diet continued to reflect a considerable reliance upon animal products, rather than on grains, which meant that a relatively large acreage was required to feed the american public.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是by and large, the american diet continued to…，rather than on grains, which meantthat…。關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞是上文的一整句。在這個(gè)從句中又包含一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句作meant的賓語(yǔ)。by and large 意為“總之，總而言之”rather than 意為“而不是”。譯文：總的說(shuō)來(lái)，美國(guó)人的膳食仍大量依賴家畜產(chǎn)品而不依賴糧食，這就意味著需要比較大的土地面積來(lái)養(yǎng)活美國(guó)公眾。these newage executives are likely to cause trouble in panies where longerserving middle managers, who have done their time in a lessprivileged environment, resent the concessions the recruits are winning.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是 these newage executives are likely to cause…panies where longerserving middle mangers, who have…, resent the concessions...。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞panies。在這個(gè)從句中，謂語(yǔ)resent the concessions 被由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句隔開。the recruits are winning 是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)代詞 that的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾concessions。concessions譯為“特許權(quán)”。The recruits 譯為“新手，新成員”。譯文：這些新時(shí)代的理人員很有可能在一些公司制造事端，因?yàn)樵谶@些里，在特權(quán)現(xiàn)象較少的環(huán)境里，有較長(zhǎng)工作年限的中等經(jīng)理對(duì)這些新成員所贏得的特許權(quán)深感不滿。9. 【雅思長(zhǎng)難句分析】4145雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ： 41this is an elegant, antimagnetic, waterproof, shockprotected and heatresistant watch which is made of stainless steel and highprecision fittings.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ： 42they send out pulses of sound waves, pitched at 50,000 cycles per second, far above the limits of the human ear,which can hear sounds up to frequencies of about 20,000 cycles per second.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ： 43when they analyzed these rocks, they found “shocked” quartz grainsslivers with a particular arrangement of micro cracks believed to represent the relic left by an extraterrestrial impact.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ： 44as land developed, rain water and rivers dissolved salts and other substances from rocks and carried them to the oceans, making the ocean salty.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ： 45on the other hand, the person who is really guilty and whose past experience has prepared him for such tests can distort the results by anticipating the crucial questions or deliberately giving exaggerated responses to neutral ones.4145this is an elegant, antimagnetic, waterproof, shockprotected and heatresistant watch which is made of stainless steel and highprecision fittings.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是this is an…watch which is made of…。這個(gè)句中的中心名詞watch既有形容詞作前置定語(yǔ)，又有定語(yǔ)從句作后置定語(yǔ)。一般在翻譯時(shí)，將前置定語(yǔ)后置。譯文：這是一只由不銹鋼和高精度配件制成的手表，它既美觀、又防磁、防水、抗震、耐熱t(yī)hey send out pulses of sound waves, pitched at 50,000 cycles per second, far above the limits of the human ear,which can hear sounds up to frequencies of about 20,000 cycles per second.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是they send out pulses of …, far above… the human ear, which can hear sounds…。關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾human ear。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)pitched at…和介詞短語(yǔ) far above…作 sound waves的定語(yǔ)。they指代前文的蝙蝠。pitch原意為“定基音”，在此譯為“發(fā)出”。譯文：人類的耳朵僅能聽見最高頻率為20000赫茲的聲音，蝙蝠卻可以發(fā)送出大超過(guò)這個(gè)限制的高達(dá)50000赫茲的聲波脈沖。when they analyzed these rocks, they found “shocked” quartz grainsslivers with a particular arrangement of microcracks believed to represent the relic left by an extraterrestrial impact.要點(diǎn)：when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間直接翻譯為“在…的時(shí)候”。譯文：在分析這些巖芯時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)“沖擊”石英顆?！獛в刑厥馀帕械奈⒘芽s縫的薄片，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為他們外層空間來(lái)的物體與地球碰撞留下來(lái)的遺跡。as land developed, rain water and rivers dissolved salts and other substances from rocks and carried them to the oceans, making the ocean salty.要點(diǎn)：as 在句中引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：在陸地形成時(shí)，雨水和河水溶解了巖石中鹽和其他物質(zhì)并把他們帶入海洋，使海水變咸。on the other hand, the person who is really guilty and whose past experience has prepared him for such tests can distort the results by anticipating the crucial questions or deliberately giving exaggerated responses to neutral ones.要點(diǎn)：句子的框架是 on the other hand, the person who is … and whose past experience has… can distort the results by anticipating … or giving …。這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句。句子的主語(yǔ)the person 和謂語(yǔ) can distort the results 被兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句隔開，分別由關(guān)系代詞who和whose引導(dǎo)。介詞短語(yǔ) by anticipating…，作狀語(yǔ)。代詞ones指代questions。譯文：另一方面，一個(gè)真正犯了罪的人由于過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)使他對(duì)這種測(cè)驗(yàn)有所準(zhǔn)備，或?qū)﹃P(guān)鍵問題早有所料，或?qū)χ行詥栴}故作夸大的反應(yīng)，他是能使測(cè)驗(yàn)結(jié)果出現(xiàn)反常現(xiàn)象的。10. 【雅思長(zhǎng)難句分析】4650雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ：46something further must be done to the amplified signals before they can be sent to the transmitting antenna.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ：47sometimes this fall, if all goes well, a revolutionary new undersea vessel will be lowered gently into the waters of monterey bay for its maiden voyage.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ：48if a free society doesn39。t help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ：49the amount of deformation is directly proportional to the applied stress provided the force does not exceed certain limit.雅思閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 ：50it doesn’t boil, despite temperatures reaching up to 400 degrees c, because it is under terrific pressure.4650something further must be done to the amplified signals before they can be sent to the transmitting antenna.要點(diǎn)：before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句譯為“...才...”使句意更為連貫。譯文：對(duì)于放大了的信號(hào)，必須作進(jìn)一步的處理后，才能把它們饋送到發(fā)射天線上去。sometimes this fall, if all goes well, a revolutionary new undersea vessel will be lowered gently into the waters of monterey bay for its maiden voyage.要點(diǎn)：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句插在主句的中間，翻譯時(shí)也做了同樣的處理。譯文：今年秋天，如果一切順利的話，一艘革命性新潛艇將輕輕在蒙特利海灣下水，進(jìn)行它的第一次航行。if a free society doesn39。t help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.譯文：自由社會(huì)要是不能幫助眾多的窮人，也就無(wú)法挽救少數(shù)富人。the amount of deformation is directly proportional to the applied stress provided the force does not exceed certain limit.要點(diǎn)：本句中條件狀語(yǔ)由provided引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的詞組還有“providing, as long as”等。譯文：如果外力不超過(guò)某一限度的話，那么形變量與外力成正比。it doesn’t boil, despite temperatures reaching up to 400 degrees c, because it is u