【正文】 hout prior agreement. run up 積欠（賬款，債務(wù)等） 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 97 Banks change their base rates fairly infrequently, but because their base rates often change over the life of an overdraft, overdrafts are said to be charged interest at a floating rate. 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 98 With a personal loan, a bank customer agrees to borrow a fixed sum, say ￡ 1,200, and also agrees a repayment schedule which might, for example, involve repaying ￡ 100 a month over the next year. 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 99 Some personal loans are made for as long as 10 years. Interest is charged at a fixed rate that is agreed in advance. The rate on a personal loan is linked to the base rate at the time when the loan is made, but it is always higher than the base rate. ? in advance 事先 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 100 The addition is measured in terms of basis points. For example, if the addition in the case of one borrower is 800 basis points, then that borrower will pay a rate that is 8% above base rate, each basis point adding %. ? addition n. 附加費(fèi) ? basis point 基點(diǎn)，基本點(diǎn) 一個(gè)基點(diǎn)等于 %，是衡量市場利率變動(dòng)的基本單位 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 101 The number of basis points on a loan may depend a little on the length of the loan and on the amount borrowed, but it will depend chiefly on the creditworthiness of the borrower. 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 102 The stated interest rates on personal loans often look deceptively low because they may not be the actual interest rates. ? deceptively adv. 騙人地，靠不住地 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 103 This arises because the stated rates are sometimes expressed by working out the interest payments as a percentage of the initial loan, which would be ￡ 1,200 in the example given here, even though the average amount borrowed over the period of the loan is considerably lower. 這種情況的產(chǎn)生是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)把支付的利息算作首次貸款 的一個(gè)百分比。在上述例子中可能是1200英鎊，即使貸款期間實(shí)際借入的金額要低得多。 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 104 A mortgage is a loan that is made for a long period to help someone buy or improve a home. 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 105 Bank mortgages are made at floating rates and closely resemble building society mortgages, most of which are made specially for buying or improving homes. ? building society mortgage 房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)抵押貸款 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 106 Building society mortgages are usually made on a longterm basis, often up to 25 years, but many of them are paid off within that time as people rarely stay in one home so long. ? on … basis (=on the basis of …) 按照 … 方式 例如： on a longterm basis（長期地）； on a floating rate basis（按浮動(dòng)利率）； on the basis of collection (或 on the collection basis)按托收的方式 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 107 Of course, when people move, they may want a new mortgage to help purchase their new home. Mortgages are typically made on a floating rate basis. 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 108 Some mortgages are made on the understanding that borrowers will pay them off steadily over the period of the loan, while others are made on the understanding that the borrowers will pay them off at the end in a single instalment. ? on the understanding that … 以 … 為條件，如果 … ? instalment n. 分期付款 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 109 Households may have other loans such as card loans, which arise on cards of various sorts. One sort, known as credit cards, are issued by banks, so the loans associated with these cards could, arguably, be seen as another form of bank advance. ? card loan 卡式貸款 credit card 信用卡 非現(xiàn)金結(jié)算的一種工具。是由銀行或信用卡公司開給個(gè)人使用的、證明持卡人身份和信用程度的消費(fèi)信貸憑證。持卡人可用信用卡代替現(xiàn)金到特約商店直接購物，及支付其它消費(fèi)所需；或在自動(dòng)提款機(jī)上取款；到約定銀行兌換現(xiàn)金；還可以在額度之內(nèi)透支。 a 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 110 Credit card holders can charge purchases to their credit card accounts, and they receive monthly statements. If they pay the full amount shown on their monthly statements fairly promptly, then no interest is due. ? credit card account 信用卡帳戶 ? monthly statement 月結(jié)單，月對(duì)帳單 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 111 If they do not, then interest is due on the outstanding amount at a relatively high and floating rate. There are individually agreed limits on the total amount that people can charge to their card accounts. ? outstanding amount 未償金額 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 112 Charge cards are similar to credit cards except that full payments must be made promptly so that extended borrowing is not allowed. The main examples are American Express and Diners Club. ? charge card 借記卡 應(yīng)支付費(fèi)用，但不允許透支的信用卡，每月底必須結(jié)算費(fèi)用。可以在自動(dòng)現(xiàn)金提款機(jī)上提取現(xiàn)金和用于消費(fèi)付款。 ? Express 運(yùn)通卡 Diners Club 大萊卡 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 113 Some credit cards and charge cards are called gold cards. These offer higher credit limits and, if they are credit cards, usually offer slightly lower interest rates. However, they usually involve also the payment of a significant annual fee, perhaps up to ￡ 50. ? gold card 金卡 ? annual fee 年費(fèi) 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 114 Exercises Turn the following into Chinese: 1) bank advance 2) personal loan 3) base rate 4) floating rate 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 115 5) basis point 6) instalment loan 7) card loan 8) credit card account 9) monthly statement 10) outstanding amount 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 116 Multiple choice: 1) Overdrafts, personal loans and mortgages are the three main forms of __________. A. bank accounts B. bank advances C. bank deposits D. bank debts B 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 117 2) The interest rates that banks charge on overdrafts are always well above their base rate, and the interest rate is called ________. A. a floating rate B. a fixed rate C. a base rate D. a fluctuating rate A 2022/8/19 Chen Jianhui 118 3) Interest on a personal loan is charged at __________ that is linked to the base rate at the time when the loan is made, but it is always higher than the base rate. A. a f