【正文】 on available when each set of financial statements is being prepared. Amounts of ine and expenses reported in the current interim period will reflect any changes in estimates of amounts reported in prior interim periods of the financial year. The amounts reported in prior interim periods are not retrospectively adjusted. Paragraphs 16(d) and 26 require, however, that the nature and amount of any significant changes in estimates be disclosed.Revenues Received Seasonally, Cyclically, or Occasionally37. Revenues that are received seasonally, cyclically, or occasionally within a financial year should not be anticipated or deferred as of an interim date if anticipation or deferral would not be appropriate at the end of the enterprise39。s financial year.8 / 2138. Examples include dividend revenue, royalties, and government grants. Additionally, some enterprises consistently earn more revenues in certain interim periods of a financial year than in other interim periods, for example, seasonal revenues of retailers. Such revenues are recognised when they occur.Costs Incurred Unevenly During the Financial Year39. Costs that are incurred unevenly during an enterprise39。s financial year should be anticipated or deferred for interim reporting purposes if, and only if, it is also appropriate to anticipate or defer that type of cost at the end of the financial year.Applying the Recognition and Measurement Principles40. Appendix B provides examples of applying the general recognition and measurement principles set out in paragraphs 2839.Use of Estimates41. The measurement procedures to be followed in an interim financial report should be designed to ensure that the resulting information is reliable and that all material financial information that is relevant to an understanding of the financial position or performance of the enterprise is appropriately disclosed. While measurements in both annual and interim financial reports are often based on reasonable estimates, the preparation of interim financial reports generally will require a greater use of estimation methods than annual financial reports.42. Appendix C provides examples of the use of estimates in interim periods.Restatement of Previously Reported Interim Periods43. A change in accounting policy, other than one for which the transition is specified by a new Standard or Interpretation, should be reflected by:(a) restating the financial statements of prior interim periods of the current financial year and the parable interim periods of prior financial years that will restated in the annual financial statements in accordance with FRS 8。 or(b) when it is impracticable to determine the cumulative effect at the beginning of the financial year of applying a new accounting policy to all prior periods, adjusting the financial statement of prior interim periods of the current financial year, and parable interim periods of prior financial years to apply the new accounting policy prospectively from the earliest date practicable.44. One objective of the preceding principle is to ensure that a single accounting policy is applied to a particular class of transactions throughout an entire financial year. Under FRS 8, a change in accounting policy is reflected by retrospective application, with restatement of prior period financial data as far back as it practicable. However, if the cumulative amount of the adjustment relating to prior financial years is impracticable to determine, then under FRS 8 the new policy is applied prospectively from the earliest date practicable. The effect of the principle in paragraph 43 is to require that within the current financial year any change in accounting policy is applied either retrospectively or, if that is not practicable, prospectively, from no later than the beginning of the financial year.45. To allow accounting changes to be reflected as of an interim date within the financial year would allow two differing accounting policies to be applied to a particular class of transactions within a 9 / 21single financial year. The result would be interim allocation difficulties, obscured operating results, and plicated analysis and understandability of interim period information.Effective Date46. FRS 34 Interim Financial Reporting is operative for financial statements covering periods beginning on or after 1st October 2022.10 / 21Appendix AIllustration of Periods Required to Be PresentedThis Appendix, which is illustrative and does not form part of the standards, provides examples to illustrate application of the principle in paragraph 20. The purpose of the appendix is to illustrate the application of the standards to assist in clarifying their meaning.Enterprise Publishes Interim Financial Reports HalfYearly1. The enterprise39。s financial year ends 31 December (calendar year). The enterprise will present the following financial statements (condensed or plete) in its halfyearly interim financial report as of 30 June 2022:Balance Sheet:At 30 June 2022 31 December 2022Ine Statement:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 2022Cash Flow Statement:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 2022Statement of Changes in Equity:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 2022Enterprise Publishes Interim Financial Reports Quarterly2. The enterprise39。s financial year ends 31 December (calendar year). The enterprise will present the following financial statements (condensed or plete) in its quarterly interim financial report as of 30 June 2022:Balance Sheet:At 30 June 2022 31 December 2022Ine Statement:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 20223 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 2022Cash Flow Statement:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 2022Statement of Changes in Equity:6 months ending 30 June 2022 30 June 202211 / 21Appendix BExamples of Applying the Recogn