【正文】 whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented． (賓語從句demonstrate that…；特殊結構otherwise) 這些研究人員已經(jīng)力圖證實他們的工作不僅可以成為科學而且還是歷史的寶貴工具，為了解普通人的日常生活提供嶄新的觀點，否則這些普通人的生存狀態(tài)不可能被記載得這么好。 分句1：These researchers have sought to demonstrate that 分句2：their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history 分句3：providing flesh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people 分句4：whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented． 分句1是整個長句子的主句 分句2是分句1的賓語從句 分句3是動詞同位語從句，以分詞形式表示伴隨狀態(tài) 分句4補充說明，是3的從句。 1和2嵌套 1和3并列 3和4嵌套 32．Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War(18611865)a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned． (特殊結構Legend has it that…=There is a legend that…) 傳說在內戰(zhàn)(18611865)快結束的某個時候，一列載著牛群的政府的火車在穿過懷俄明州東部的北部平原時遇到了暴風雪，因此不得不被遺棄。 分句1：Legend has it that 分句2：sometime toward the end of the Civil War(18611865)a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm 分句3：and had to be abandoned 分句1是整個長句子的形式主句 分句2是分句1的具體解釋，也是真正的主句。這里出現(xiàn)了幾個分詞形式，如“carrying oxen” “traveling through……”等，完全可以換成“that/which carries……”，但這里都作為修飾成分，從簡分析 分句3是2的并列 1和3嵌套 2和3并列 33．It is a lifelong process，a process that starts long before the start of school and one that should be an integral part of one39。s entire life． (并列同位語a process that…，and one that…) 教育是一個終生的過程，早在人們上學之前就開始了。它應成為人的一生中不可缺少的一部分。 分句1：It is a lifelong process， a process 分句2：that starts long before the start of school 分句3：and one that should be an integral part of one39。s entire life 分句1是整個長句子的形式主句 分句2是分句1的同位語從句，是對1的進一步解釋說明 分句3是2的并列句，同為對1的解釋說明 1和3嵌套 2和3并列 34．Life39。s transition from the sea to the land was perhaps as much of an evolutionary challenge as was the genesis of life． (特殊結構as much…as；倒裝as was the genesis of life) 生命從海洋到陸地的過渡可能是一個像生命起源那樣的進化挑戰(zhàn)。 分句1：Life39。s transition from the sea to the land was perhaps as much of an evolutionary challenge 分句2：as was the genesis of life 分句1是整個長句子的主句，雖然這一部分很長，但主謂賓只有一套，而且順序是正常的 分句2是倒裝句，按正當語序相當于“the genesis of life was as……（省略）” 1和2嵌套 35．In agriculture，the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators，the cotton presses，the warehouses，and the modity exchanges that seemed to so many of the nation39。s farmers the visible sign of a vast conspiracy against them． (特殊結構marked by；定語從句that seemed…the visible sign…) 在農(nóng)業(yè)上，這一變化的標志是谷物升降機、皮棉打包機廠、貨棧和商品交換的出現(xiàn),對全國的眾多農(nóng)民來說它們是反對農(nóng)民的大陰謀的明顯標志。 分句1：In agriculture，the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators，the cotton presses，the warehouses，and the modity exchanges 分句2：that seemed to so many of the nation39。s farmers the visible sign of a vast conspiracy against them 分句1是整個長句子的主句，其中賓語部分是由幾個并列短語構成的 分句2是分句1的定語從句，進一步解釋了這些東西何以成為了“標志” 1和2嵌套 36．And there were factories in occupations such as metalwork where individual contractors presided over what were essentially handicraft proprietorships that coexisted within a single building． (where引導定語從句；what引導的從句作presided over的賓語) 仍然有像金屬制造廠一類的工廠，在那里個體承包商管理在同一幢樓里的本質上是手工藝品所有人的工場。 分句1：And there were factories in occupations such as metalwork 分句2：where individual contractors presided over 分句3：what were essentially handicraft proprietorships 分句4：that coexisted within a single building 分句1是整個長句子的主句 分句2是分句1的定語從句 分句3是2的賓語從句 分句4是3的定語從句。 1和2嵌套 2和3嵌套 3和4嵌套 37．But as the number of wage earners in manufacturing rose from million in 1880 to million in 1900 to 8．4 million in 1920．the number of huge plants like the Baldwin Lootive Works in Philadelphia burgeoned，as did the size of the average plant． (倒裝結構as did…) 但隨著制造業(yè)中掙工資的人數(shù)從1880年的270萬上升到1900年的450萬到1920年的840萬，像費城的包德溫機車工廠這樣的大型工廠的數(shù)量也大幅增加，同時普通工廠的規(guī)模也劇增。 分句1：But as the number of wage earners in manufacturing rose from million in 1880 to million in 1900 to 8．4 million in 1920 分句2：the number of huge plants like the Baldwin Lootive Works in Philadelphia burgeoned 分句3：as did the size of the average plant 分句2是整個長句子的主句 分句1是分句2的狀語 分句3是2的并列句，同時它是一個省略句 1和3嵌套 2和3并列 38．What we today call American folk art was，indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds．a(chǎn)nd especially for portraits． (what引導的從句作主語；介詞結構(art)