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高速公路邊坡防護技術研究-資料下載頁

2024-11-07 20:25本頁面

【導讀】遠在新石器時代,我們的祖先就已使用稻草來。這種土中加稻草的加筋技術。坡,還用竹子或鐵絲網(wǎng)以控制護岸工程的侵蝕。在現(xiàn)代,土工合成材料的應用與塑料、合成纖維和合成橡膠等的生產(chǎn)緊密相關。已廣泛地用在各個土木工程領域。其中類和應用范圍也在不斷發(fā)展充實,并逐漸形成。它以巖土力學為基礎,與石油化學工程和紡織工程有密切聯(lián)系。和復合型土工合成材料等類型。特種土工合成材料包括土工格柵、土工膜袋、土工網(wǎng)、臨界摩擦特性、水力學特性及耐久性。根據(jù)土工合成材料的特性和分類,其主要功能有:過濾作用、排水。止由于土顆粒的過量流失而造成土體的破壞。排出,以免由于孔隙水壓的升高而造成土體的失穩(wěn)等不利后果。隔離用的土工合成材料必須有較高的強度,以承受外部荷載作用時產(chǎn)生的應。土工合成材料作為隔離材料已廣泛應用于鐵路、公路路基、土工合成材料可作為軟弱地基的加固補強材料。土工復合植被防護作用包括土工合成材料直接防護和植被防護雙重作用。

  

【正文】 的工程經(jīng)常性的檢查維護做得不夠,對其工作狀況進行原位觀測則更為少見。 (5) 土工合成材料的價格仍然偏高 ,應進一步降低成本,減少周轉環(huán)節(jié),使土工合成材料的產(chǎn)品更具競爭力。 國內土工布的發(fā)展將由以紡織技術生產(chǎn)為主的形式轉向以適應各種實際工程需要為目的進行生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)品總的發(fā)展趨勢向系列型、復合型、綜合型發(fā)展。復合土工布是這幾年國外大公司競相開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品,其產(chǎn)品包括排水管與土工布復合,機織布與非織造布復合,大流量排水板與土工布復合等許多新型復合材料。我國在這方面則處于起步階段,現(xiàn)有的復合產(chǎn)品為復合土工膜、針刺機織布和非織造布復合土工布、非織造布復合結構的排水管,并且,還都處于試制和試用階段。因此,復合土工布在我國的生產(chǎn) 和應用極具開發(fā)前景。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,在 九五 期間,我國將新建公路 30萬 km,其中高等級公路 km;在鐵路建設中,每年預計要修復 1000 km翻漿路段。 1998年長江、松花江的一場特大洪災后,國家又增加了資金投入基礎設施建設,這其中包括長江堤防的修復和加固、三峽工程、黃河治理、小浪底工程、南水北調、長江口深水航道等巨型工程,這些工程建設都需要大量土工布?,F(xiàn)在,我國土工布已經(jīng)有 5項產(chǎn)品標準和 20項試驗方法標準,土工布的使用規(guī)范也已正式頒布,這對生產(chǎn)、推 廣和使用土工布提供了條件和機遇 。 在今后當使用中要注意以下 6個方面。 (1)正規(guī)化; (2)加強基礎研究; (3)重視現(xiàn)場測試資料積員; (4)提高設計水準; (5)不斷完善和修訂規(guī)范; (6)加強國內外信息和技術交流。 石家莊鐵道學院畢業(yè)論文 30 致 謝 本論文是在呂鵬老師的指導下獨立完成的。在整個論文寫作過程中,老師給予我耐心細致的指導和幫助,使我按時按質按量的完成了任務。 在此感謝呂老師和趙老 師 給予的指導和幫助,以及在論文完成過程中的關懷。 本論文在撰寫過程中,筆者參閱了大量文獻資料。在此感謝圖書館的各位老師給予的指導和幫助。 最后,對于小組成員的相互協(xié)作給 予感謝,并對在論文編寫過程中給予幫助和關懷的 高專 分院領導及老師致以深深的謝意。 石家莊鐵道學院畢業(yè)論文 31 參考文獻 [1] 土工合成材料工程應用手冊編寫委員會 .土工合成材料工程應用手冊 [M].北京 : 中國建筑工業(yè)出版社 , 2020. [2] 孫鈞 .新型土工材料與工程整治 [M].北京 : 中國建筑工業(yè)出版社 . , ~6. [3] 黃曉明 .公路土工合成材料應用原理 [M].北京 : 人民交通出版社 , ~210. [4] 周志剛 .公路土工合成材料設計原理及工程應用 [M] .北京 : 人民交通出版社 , ~187. [5] 楊航宇 .公路邊坡防護與整治 [M].北京 : 人民交通出版社 , 2020. [6] 陸士強 .土工合成材料應用原理 [M ].北京 : 水利電力出版社 , ~108. [7] 中華人民共和國行業(yè)標準 .公路土工合成材料應用技術規(guī)范 [S]. (JTJ/T 09198). [8] 張世綏 .高速公路邊坡的生物防護技術 [J].公路 , 2020(9). [9] 李忠 .硯平高速公路邊坡柔性防護新技術 [J].路基工程, 2020(1). [10] 成子滿 .三維固土網(wǎng)墊結合植被護坡的施工 [J].公路 , 2020(9). [11]龔曉明 .三維土工網(wǎng)墊護坡應用技術 [J].隧道建設, 2020(5). [12] 王海軍 .高強度土工格柵在道路邊坡防護中的應用 [J].西部探礦工程 , 2020(2). [13] 王森昌 .SNS柔性防護系統(tǒng)在邊坡防護中的應用 [J].鐵道建筑技術, 2020(5). [14] 中國土工合成材料學會中國委員會 .全國第六屆土工合成材料學術會議論文集 [C] .香港 : 現(xiàn)代知識出版社 , 2020. [15] . Telford, London, 1988. [16] geotextile to geosynthetics; a revolution in geotechnical engineering. Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Geotextiles, Vienna, 1986. [17] soil mechanics. New York: John Wiely and Sons, 1943. 石家莊鐵道學院畢業(yè)論文 32 附錄 附錄 A 外文資料原文 The project generally budgets and the resilience Abstract: As the concrete implementation design budgetary esti mate, the construction drawing budget establishment staff, the rationality , The reliability and the accuracy which generally will budget to bids the work to have the important influence, also will be generally budgets the establishment of strength unceasingly to study, sharpens the professional ability and a work level process. Middle the working practice, follows the certain working routine, holds the establishment key, is guarantees generally budgets the establishment the effective method. Thus, scientific carries on the resilience putation, achieves is not heavy leak proof is the foundation work which generally budgets. First, the thorough familiar design paper these tab material, understood the construction plan is the foundation which the establishment generally budgets, the design paper the resilience the main basis. Key word: The project generally budgets the resilience First, the thorough familiar design paper material, understood the construction plan is the foundation which the establishment generally budgets, the design paper is calculates the resilience the main basis. It besides expresses each kind of different structure size, but with for counts the price basic data each kind of resilience, basically all reflects in the graph, but some also is the concealment on the blueprint, like Concrete , the mortar marking, Worker the regulations type as well as the construction request, to the new material, the new craft application, checks each kind of blueprint, like structure plane, vertical surface, structure detail drawing and so on, mutually between whether has the contradiction and the mistake, chart and table reflection resilience is whether consistent, all should carry on the checkup, to affects a bigger essential spot or the quantity higher price high resilience, When necessity should carry on reexamines the putation, the familiar each kind of design atlas, all is essential. 1. Roadbeds Projects: (1) The sub grade soil cubic meter of stone excavates the work, is according to the work difficulty degree, divides into the soil and the rock the loose earth, the ordinary earth, the hard soil, the Soft soil, the semi pact stone, the solid rock six kinds, but the cubic meter of earth and stone transportation and presses the regulations only to divide into the folk recipe and the cubic meter of stone two items ,and take m3 as the unit of measurement. 石家莊鐵道學院畢業(yè)論文 33 Therefore, should pay attention according to the earth stone category or the folk recipe and the cubic meter of stone separately calculates the resilience, in order to applies mechanically the fixed quantity to carry on counts the price. ( 2) The sub grade soil cubic meter of stone excavates, loading and unloading, the transportation is according to the natural dense volume putation, fill holds back (ram) the solid volume putation. When cutfill transition or borrows the earth reclamation embankment, should consider in the fixed quantity stipulated conversion factor. Namely uses by the natural dense side the conversion factor which rides for measuring unit39。s fixed quantity stipulated carries on counts the price. (3) As a result of construction machines and tools existence table haul question, if the bulldozer passes the cubic meter of earth and stone economical distance, the medium bulldozer generally is50M 100M, surpasses the profitable haul is uneconomical, but automobile transport distance if is smaller than 500M, also displays the motor transport with difficulty the superiority. Therefore, in order to reasonably determined the sub grade soil cubic meter of stone the cartage expense, simultaneously considered the highway sub grade soil cubic meter of stone the construction also is by the bull dozer primarily situation in, when
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