【正文】 　　I’ve made many more mistakes than you ?！　《?、表示確定程度的修飾語，如分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)或有關(guān)長度、時(shí)間、重量等名詞詞組通常放在比較級(jí)前，也可由by引出而置于比較級(jí)之后。如：　　China is onesixth larger than the United ?！　heir house is about three times bigger than ?！　e is three years older than his ?！　∪?、最高級(jí)前可用the second, the very, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly the, almost the等修飾。如：　　She is by far the most active member in our group. 她是我們組最最活躍的成員。　　Africa is the second largest ?！　his hat is nearly/almost the biggest. 這帽子差不多是最大的了?！　∽⒁猓簐ery和much修飾最高級(jí)時(shí)的不同位置?！　his is the very best. =This is much the (難)的?！　∷?、倍數(shù)可以放在as…as的第一個(gè)as前作修飾語。如：　　Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他們的房子大約有我們房子三倍大?！　。壕哂忻~、形容詞及副詞性質(zhì)并具有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)變化?！　。?以do為例)　　主動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)　　一般時(shí) to do to be done　　進(jìn)行時(shí) to be doing　　完成時(shí) to have done to have been done　　完成進(jìn)行時(shí) to have been doing　?。骸　?1)用作主語：　　To speak good English is not easy.　　or: It is not easy to speak good English.　　(采用形式主語 it 以避免頭重腳輕)　　It took me an hour to do the work.　　(2)用作賓語：　　She decided to take the examination.　　I hope to meet him soon.　　(3)賓語補(bǔ)足語：　　They expected us to help them.　　Hewants his son to study hard.　　金牌重點(diǎn)：　　不定式作賓補(bǔ)，如謂語動(dòng)詞是感官動(dòng)詞，使役性動(dòng)詞(see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...)，則不定式符號(hào)“to”須省略，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不能省?！　 heard them sing in the classroom.　　I made her clean the room.　　The girl is heard to sing an English song.　　(4)用作表語：To teach is to learn.　　His job is to sell cars.　　(5)用作狀語，表示目的，結(jié)果?！　e e to school to study English.(目的)　　= in order to　　I hurried to the store, only to find it closed.(結(jié)果)　　(6)定語：不定式短語作定語須位于名詞之后?！　e asked for a piece of paper to write it on.　　= to write it on the piece of paper.　　The poor man has no house to live in.　　= to live in the house.　　Have you anything to do?　　= to do anything動(dòng)名詞：　?。壕哂忻~性質(zhì)，可在句中擔(dān)任主語，賓語表語，定語，具有所有格作修飾語。　?。阂詃o為例　　doing → being done　　having done → having been done　?。骸　?1)主語：　　Saving is easier than doing.　　His ing here will be a great help.　　It is no use waiting here, he has left.　　It is no goodsmoking.　　There is no getting along with him.(簡直無法和他相處)　　……以上例句皆必須要背誦!……　　(2)表語：His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.　　Seeing is believing.　　(3)賓語：　　a. 動(dòng)詞賓語：He admitted taking the book.　　I do mind your smoking here.　　重磅要點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)讀20 遍：下列動(dòng)詞須跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語：　　admit, appreciate, avoid, plete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...　　特注：以allow為例：allow + doing sth(動(dòng)名詞作賓語)。但可以：Allow sb to do sth(不定式作賓補(bǔ))。　　這類動(dòng)詞常見如 advise, allow, permit, remend, etc.　　b. 作介詞賓語：　　He left without saying goodbye to us.I39。m looking forwardto meeting you.(to 在這里是介詞)分詞　?。骸　【哂行稳菰~性質(zhì)，可以在句中擔(dān)任表語、定語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，且動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行：過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，或動(dòng)作已完成?！　。骸　±?write (vt) rise (vi)　　時(shí)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 主動(dòng) 過去分詞　　現(xiàn)在時(shí) writing being written rising risen /　　完成時(shí) having written having been written having risen /　　：　　(1)定語 分詞置于被修飾名詞前　　分詞短語于置于被修飾名詞后　　a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping　　a running dog = a dog which is running　　a broken glass = a glass which is broken　　a beaten team = a team which is beaten(beaten 是被打敗的意思)　　This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.　　The problem being discussed is very important.　　(2)表語：The book is interesting.　　He is interested in the book.　　The news is exciting.　　He feels excited.　　(3)賓語補(bǔ)足語：　　When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.　　I39。d like to havethis package weighed.　　掌握精髓：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語表示動(dòng)作的全過程，而現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。過去分詞表示被動(dòng)概念。　　(4)狀語：(以下例句值得一背!)　?、?If you turn to the left, you39。ll find the station.　　→ Turning to the left, you39。ll find the station.　　② As I didn39。t receive her letter, I called her up by telephone.　　→ Not receiving her letter, I called her up by telephone.　　③ While I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.　　→ Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.　?、?When she was asked it she had any bad habit, she answeredthat she was a heavy smoker.　　→ Asked if she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.　　你知道嗎?注意：在運(yùn)用此類句型時(shí)主語前后要保持一致。　　① Whenschool was over, the boys went home.　　→ Being over, the boys went home. 　　School being over, the boys went home. √　?、?As my homework has been done, I have nothing else to do.　　→ My homework having been done, I have nothing else to do.　?、?Ifweather permits, I39。ll start tomorrow.　　→ Weather permitting, I39。ll start tomorrow.　?、?I fwe judge from his face, he must be ill.　　→ Judging from his face, he must be ill.(這里應(yīng)該是 we judging ...，但若主語是we, one, you表示“一般人”，主語可省略)　　實(shí)際上，這里涉及到獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)問題，以后在作分解!　　：　　現(xiàn)在分詞一般時(shí)表示此動(dòng)作與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。　　現(xiàn)在分詞完成時(shí)表示此動(dòng)作在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生?！　ntering the room, hesaw he. (幾乎同時(shí))　　Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. (分詞動(dòng)作在前)　?。含F(xiàn)在分詞一般時(shí)被動(dòng)表動(dòng)作正在被進(jìn)行，完成時(shí)被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞所表示的動(dòng)作先被完成?！　he ships being loaded and unloaded belong to us.　　Having been warned of typhoon, the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbor.(漁民先被告知而后駛向港口)