【正文】 r import.c. duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily for export.d. duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily for import.e. duties and tariffs are increased as long as production is used primarily for export.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy35. Building some overcapacity in the supply chain network and making the capacity flexible allows a firm to alter production flows within the supply chain toa. produce less in facilities that have a lower cost based on current exchange rates.b. produce more in facilities that have a lower cost based on current exchange rates.c. produce more in facilities that have a higher cost based on current exchange rates.d. produce less in facilities that have the same cost based on current exchange rates.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate36. Positive externalities are instances wherea. the collocation of multiple firms benefits all of them.b. the dispersion of multiple firms benefits all of them.c. the cooperation of multiple firms benefits all of them.d. the coordination of multiple firms benefits all of them.e. the disagreement of multiple firms benefits all of them.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate37. The basis for all strategic and planning decisions in a supply chain es froma. the forecast of demand.b. sales targets.c. profitability projections.d. production efficiency goals.e. all of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy38. For push processes, a manager must forecast what customer demand will be in order toa. plan the service level.b. plan the level of available capacity and inventory.c. plan the level of productivity.d. plan the level of production.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate39. For pull processes, a manager must forecast what customer demand will be in order toa. plan the service level.b. plan the level of available capacity and inventory.c. plan the level of productivity.d. plan the level of production.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate40. In general, the further up the supply chain a pany is (or the further they are from the consumer),a. the greater the distortion of information they receive.b. the smaller the distortion of information they receive.c. the information they receive is more accurate.d. the information they receive is more useful.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate41. Which of the following is not a forecasting method?a. qualitativeb. time seriesc. causald. simulatione. All of the above are forecasting methods.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate42. Predictable variability isa. change in demand that can be forecasted.b. change in demand that cannot be forecasted.c. change in demand that has been planned.d. change in demand that has been scheduled.e. all of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy43. Which of the following is not a problem caused by products experiencing predictable variability of demand?a. high levels of stockouts during peak demandb. high levels of excess inventory during periods of low demandc. increased responsiveness of the supply chaind. increased costs in the supply chaine. decreased responsiveness of the supply chainAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy44. A firm can handle predictable variability by managinga. supply using capacity, inventory, trade promotions, and backlogs.b. supply using capacity, inventory, subcontracting, and backlogs.c. demand using shortterm price discounts and trade promotions.d. a and c onlye. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Easy45. Seasonal demand can be met bya. maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period.b. building up inventory during the off season to meet demand during peak seasons.c. offering a price promotion during periods of low demand to shift some of the demand into a slow period.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate46. The advantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period isa. very low inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried from period to period.b. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.c. very high inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.d. very high inventory costs because expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was lower.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate47. The disadvantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period isa. much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was lower.b. the expensive capacity would be used consistently throughout the year.c. most of the expensive capacity would still be used during most months when demand was lower.d. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.e. None of the above are true.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate48. A firm can vary supply of product by controllinga. production capacity and inventory.b. production capacity and price promotions.c. price promotions and inventory.d. production capacity and inventory promotions.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate49. Which of the following is not an approach that firms can use when managing capacity to meet predictable demand variability?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. using mon ponents across multiple productsAnswer: eDifficulty: Easy50. Cycle inventory is primarily held toa. take advantage of diseconomies of scale and increase cost within the supply chain.b. take advantage of diseconomies of scale and reduce cost within the supply chain.c. take advantage of econo