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分子分型在醫(yī)院感染控制中的作用-資料下載頁

2025-06-12 18:13本頁面
  

【正文】 ?The mean number of patients with nosoial infections decreased by 283 per year, a reduction of more than 1,100 inpatient days. ?The costs avoided by using this calculation averaged more than $2,150,000/year, based on 1999 dollars. ?醫(yī)院感染患者數(shù)量平均每年下降 283,住院天數(shù)下降超過 1100天 ?因此節(jié)省的費用平均每年超過 $2,150,000( 與 1999年相比) 44 ? Representatives now meet together for 45 minutes each week ? For Microbiology, opening the typing laboratory totaled $180,050. By the fifth year, costs in the laboratory section were stable. ? The cost for the laboratory, includng three medical technologists, is $400,000 yearly. ? Virtually all these costs are borne by the hospital. ? 小組聚會逐漸轉(zhuǎn)為每周開會, 45min, 討論 ? 微生物室成立分子分型實驗室(設(shè)備及人員)的費用為$180,050. ? 每年分子分型相關(guān)支出為 $400,000 ? 醫(yī)院承擔(dān) 45 ? While such a grant program would cost up to $2 billion each year if all . hospitals participated, ? the projected reduction in cost of treating nosoial infections could reach over five times that amount. ? a savings of $ for each dollar spent. ? 假設(shè):美國所有醫(yī)院 ? 進(jìn)行基因分型相關(guān)費用達(dá)到 20億美元 ? 節(jié)省下來的治療醫(yī)院感染的費用將超過 5倍( 100億)! ? 每使用 1美元節(jié)省 5美元 46 ? Typing time: within 1 week 48 hours. ? Lack of clonality: suggests other reasons for the apparent outbreak, ? antimicrobialagent use pressure, ? failure of appropriate nursingcare practices, ? or simply random variation in the number of infections. ? Early knowledge of whether microbial clonality is present or absent focuses the scope of an investigation and facilitates appropriate intervention. ? 時間: 1周, 48h ? 如沒有流行相關(guān)線索,可能是其他原因: ? 抗生素壓力 , ? 護(hù)理操作不當(dāng)(非感染相關(guān)) , ? 僅僅是感染數(shù)量的隨機(jī)變化 ? 早發(fā)現(xiàn)、及早確定調(diào)查范圍、采取合適的干預(yù)措施 47 ? cost of rapid detection using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ? =one day of glove isolation ? could be pleted in a single 8hour workday. ? As gene chip technology moves into clinical use, detecting a large number of resistance determinants soon after a patient is admitted to the hospital should be possible. ? PCR 分型 ? 費用 =一天的手套費用 ? 8小時的工作時間內(nèi)可完成 ? 基因芯片: ? 大規(guī)模 ? 耐藥監(jiān)測 ? 病人入院后即實施 48 分子分型在醫(yī)院感染中的應(yīng)用: ? technically possible ? medically useful ? economically justified 49 ? 醫(yī)院感染的分子流行病學(xué)研究方法 ? 分子流行病學(xué)方法在醫(yī)院感染中的應(yīng)用 ? 醫(yī)院感染控制的人員安排 ? 成本 效益研究 ? 臨床醫(yī)院感染控制 ? 科研 50 實驗研究: ? 瑞金醫(yī)院 04年~ 05年 ? 全耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌( PRAB) 各個科室的突然增多 ? 經(jīng)脈沖場凝膠電泳( PFGE) 證實 ? 燒傷科為單獨一個型別 PRAB科室內(nèi)流行 ? 除燒傷科以外的其他科室為科室間同一型別PRAB流行。 ? 由此可見,分子流行病學(xué)方法: ? 為醫(yī)院感染控制 提供準(zhǔn)確的實驗數(shù)據(jù) ? 有效判斷感染來源和流行趨勢 ? 為更好的做好醫(yī)院感染控制工作打下了基礎(chǔ)。
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