【正文】 Europe next year we have enough money.A) provided B) unless C) until D) lest考點(diǎn)分析條件狀語從句一般由if、unless、as long as （只有）、supposing(如果)、provided(如果，假設(shè))、on condition that (假設(shè))等詞引導(dǎo)，如：We can not study English well unless we practice it from time to time.答案:1. A三）定語從句1. 定語從句又被稱為形容詞性從句或關(guān)系從句，其實(shí)質(zhì)是修飾名詞或代詞的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。2. 連接名詞（代詞）和定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵在于掌握關(guān)系詞的用法。3. 定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句。限定性定語從句是主句意思不可缺少的部分，如果把它去掉，主句的意思便難以完整。非限定性定語從句只對作修飾的詞作進(jìn)一步的說明，它是一種插入語，旁白或注釋，如果把它刪去，主句的意思仍然完整。非限定性定語從句與先行用逗號(hào)隔開。例如：You may select the one which is most to your taste. (限定性定語從句)That man, whose work is important, has been a teacher.(非限定性定語從句)（一）由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)典考題1. The few points the president stressed in his report are very important.A) which B) who C) as D) where2. All is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. A) what is needed B) for our needsC) the thing needed D) that is needed考點(diǎn)分析1）能引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who (whom ,whose )、which 和 that。其中，who ( whom, whose )指人，which 指物，that 既指人，也指物，例如：The woman who (that )is speaking at the meeting is a famous writer.The train which (that ) has just left is a new one.2) 注意關(guān)系代詞that 的使用：當(dāng)① 先行詞前有限定詞（all、any 、every、no等）、序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時(shí)；② 先行詞本身是限定詞或不定代詞（nothing、 everything、anything等）時(shí)；③ 先行詞是既指人又指物的并列名詞時(shí)，必須使用關(guān)系代詞that。如：I like the people and the places that I visited in Beijing last year.3） 關(guān)系代詞除連接句子外，一般在從句中作主語、賓語或定語。答案:1. A （二） 由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)典考題1. The day will e soon China will bee a modern, powerful, socialist country.A) when B) before C) since D) as2. The village I once worked has taken on a new look.A) which B) where C) when D) that考點(diǎn)分析1）能引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when(= at which )、where (= in which )和 why(= for which ),它們既可引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，也可以用來引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，如:That is the reason why I did it.2) 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以與其先行詞分開，中間由謂語隔開，有的語法書稱之為割裂修飾，其目的是為了求得句子的平衡。如：The time has e when ordinary people can use puters.3) 關(guān)系副詞除連接定語從句外，一般在從句中作狀語成分。答案:1. （三）帶介詞的定語從句經(jīng)典考題1. We need a chairman . A) for whom everyone has confidence B) in whom everyone has confidenceC) who everyone has confidence of D) whom everyone has confidence on考題分析引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞可以作介詞的賓語，形成帶介詞的定語從句，這種結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：1）從句由“介詞+ which （表示事或物）或“介詞+whom”（表示人）構(gòu)成。如：The man to whom he is talking is our president.The school in which I studied is a famous university.2) 從句由“名詞（或代詞）+of + which(或whom)”構(gòu)成。如：The citizens, most of whom were workers, weled the new law.Mt. Tai, the summit of which is hardly seen, is often covered with snow.答案:1. B解題要訣掌握常用介詞的基本用法。掌握常用的動(dòng)詞、形容詞與介詞之間的固定搭配，這是解題的關(guān)鍵。（四）非限定性定語從句經(jīng)典考題1. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others， ____ of course, made the others jealous. A) who B) that C) what D) which考點(diǎn)分析能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系詞有：who (whom, whose ),which , as, where， when。而which 和as有時(shí)可用來表示整個(gè)句子。答案:1. D 四、倒裝倒裝是指英語中主謂順序顛倒的一種語法現(xiàn)象。倒裝的原因有三：一是為了求得句子的平衡，二是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，三是為了追求某種特殊的效果，如修辭上的要求等。倒裝從形式上可以分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。前者指整個(gè)謂語都放在主語之前，后者指謂語的一部分（主要是助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞）放在主語之前，而另一部分放在主語后。下面我們將對這兩種形式在考試中經(jīng)?？疾斓牡胤接枰躁U述。經(jīng)典考題 wanted to go .A) and so her brother did B) and so did her brother C) and too her brother D) and did her brother ,too考點(diǎn)分析在以so, nor, neither, no more 開頭的并列句中，表示前面一句話中的謂所說的情況也適合于后一句話，采用倒裝并且省去與前一句相同的成分。在此句型中，要注意后一句中所用的助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與前一句相一致。如：I can’t answer this question, nor can Tom.You are not preparing your lessons, neither are we.答案:1. B 經(jīng)典考題1. Never him in such a good mood.A) I have found B) have found I C) have I found D) I found2. Only under special circumstances to take make up tests.A) are freshmen permitted B) freshmen are permittedC) permitted are freshmen D) are permitted freshmen3. No sooner the bus than the waiting crowd got on it .A) did … stopped B) has … stopped C) had … stopped D) was… stopping否定詞（或否定詞組）位于句首，引起后面的部分倒裝。常見的形式有：1）never （從不），seldom, rarely（不常），little, scarcely, hardly等表示否定意義的詞或含有no的狀語如at no time （任何時(shí)候都不），by no means （一點(diǎn)也不），in no case (決不)，no account （決不），under no circumstance （決不）等位于句首，引起半倒裝。2）由not until, only when 等或not until + 時(shí)間狀語，only +介詞短語作狀語置于句首，引起部分倒裝。3）從屬連詞no sooner had …than (一……就)，scarcely/hardly had…when (一……就)引起部分倒裝。在此種句型中，主句謂語通常用過去完成時(shí)，從句謂語一般用過去時(shí)，倒裝時(shí)將助動(dòng)詞had 放于主語前。3）并列連詞not only …but (also ), neither …nor 或?qū)⑵渲械膎ot only, neither 放在句首，引起部分倒裝。如：Not only did he show himself a good student, but he also proved himself a good athlete.答案:1. C 五、非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞又稱作是非限定動(dòng)詞，是我們語法學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。非謂語動(dòng)詞，顧名思義，是指在句中不能充當(dāng)謂語的一種動(dòng)詞形式，它有動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。下面我們將分別予以分析和講解。一）動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式在詞性上具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的功能，名詞可作主語、賓語和表語，形容詞可作定語、表語和賓補(bǔ)，而副詞則可以作狀語，由此推出，動(dòng)詞不定式也可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語和狀語。下面對不定式在句中作賓語、補(bǔ)語、定語等給予講解。經(jīng)典考題1. If you promise angry with me, I’ll tell you what I broke. A) get not B) not get C) not to get D) not getting4. He has no choice but to see him A) go B) went C) going D) to go考點(diǎn)分析動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí)涉及以下考點(diǎn)：1）在及物動(dòng)詞begin, choose, continue, decide, expect, fail, forget, happen, hate, help, hope, intend, like, love, manage, mean, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, refuse, remember, try, want, wish 等后面常用不定式作賓語。這類動(dòng)詞無規(guī)律性，需靠強(qiáng)記和平時(shí)的積累才能掌握。（見考題1）2）動(dòng)詞不定式可作but（除……之外），except（除……之外）, save（除……之外）的賓語，但當(dāng)but, except, save 前有do的某種形式時(shí)（包括did , does, done），不定式符號(hào)to必須省略，如：He does nothing but wait. 反之，如果無do 的某種形式，to 則不能省略，如：There is no choice but to wait. 另外，在詞組can not but (只好)，can not help but (不得不)，do nothing but (只有，不得不)后，接不帶to的不定式。（參見考題2）答案:1. C 經(jīng)典考題1. The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday.A) robbed B) to have been robbedC) being robbed D) having been robbed考點(diǎn)分析動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)、主補(bǔ)涉及到以下兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)：1）有些動(dòng)詞后要求用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，如：allow, advise, ask, choose, enable, expect, fail, have, hear, order, tell, think, wish 等。例如：Harry invited me to e to his 。如果把動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的句中的