【導(dǎo)讀】質(zhì)主要有Q235B、20#、0Cr18Ni9、00Cr17Ni12Mo2、CPVC、CS+PTFE等。本工程招標(biāo)文件；《工業(yè)金屬管道工程施工及驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》；《現(xiàn)場設(shè)備、工業(yè)管道焊接工程施工及驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》；會設(shè)計(jì)意圖，了解管道施工的方法、工藝、技術(shù)要求和質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。計(jì)量、調(diào)校及測量用儀器業(yè)經(jīng)校驗(yàn)合格，并在復(fù)檢期內(nèi)。管材、管件的表面不得有裂紋、折疊、重皮等缺陷，銹蝕凹陷和機(jī)械損傷深度，不應(yīng)超過管材、管件相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)厚度的負(fù)偏差。頭、異徑管和管帽的尺寸偏差，應(yīng)符合規(guī)范規(guī)定。

　　

【正文】 ndition is available. 管道安裝時，應(yīng)及時固定和調(diào)整支吊架。支吊架位置應(yīng) 準(zhǔn)確，安裝應(yīng)平整牢固，與管子接觸應(yīng)緊密。 Supports and hangers shall be fixed and adjusted timely when piping is installed. Position of supports and hangers shall be nicety, installation shall be flat and firm, supports and hangers shall contact with piping tightly. 不 銹鋼管道不得與碳鋼支架直接焊接和連接，應(yīng)采用與管道同材質(zhì)的弧板或肋板將管道與支架碳鋼部分隔離；不銹鋼管道與碳鋼管卡、梁架間應(yīng)采用橡膠板、塑料板等氯離子含量不超過 25ppm 的墊片隔離。 Stainless steel piping mustn’t be welded with carbon steel supports directly. It shall be used a camber or rib plate whose material is the same as the piping to isolate piping and carbon steel support. It shall be used a plate such as rubber plate or plastic plate which chlorine content is not more than 25ppm to isolate the stainless steel piping and carbon steel clip/beam rack. 滑動和導(dǎo)向支架的安裝 Slide and guide support installation 滑動和導(dǎo)向支架的滑動面應(yīng)平整潔凈，不得有歪斜卡澀現(xiàn)象；支架安裝位置應(yīng)從支撐面中心向位移反方向偏移，偏移量應(yīng)為位移值的 1/2 或應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)文件規(guī)定。 The sliding surface of slide and guide support shall be smooth and clean, it mustn’t be deflecting and blocking. Installation position of support shall be displaced from center of supporting surface to the converse direction of hot displacement. The displacement value is 1/2 hot displacement or per the design requirement. 15 16 固定支架的安裝 Fixing support installation 固定支架應(yīng)按設(shè)計(jì)要求進(jìn)行安裝，并應(yīng)在管道補(bǔ)償器預(yù)拉伸前固定完畢。 Fixing support installation shall be meet the requirement of design and shall be fixed before pretension of piping pensator. 固定支架應(yīng)固定牢固。進(jìn)行焊接固定時，必須保證焊接質(zhì)量；采用 U 型管卡進(jìn)行支架固定時，必須用雙螺母鎖緊，以防松動。 Fixing support shall be fixed firmly. Weld quality shall be ensured when it need to be fixed by welding. It must apply double nut to fix when Ushape clip is used in order to avoid loose. 管道吊架的安裝 Piping hanger installation 無熱位移的管道，其吊桿應(yīng)垂直安裝；有熱位移的管道，吊點(diǎn)應(yīng)設(shè)在位移的相反方向，按位移值的 1/2 偏位安裝。兩根熱位移方向相反或位移值不等的管道，不得使用同一吊桿。 The rod of hanger without hot displacement shall be vertical. Hang point with hot displacement shall be set on the side converse the hot displacement direction. The displacement length is 1/2 hot displacement. Two piping whose hot displacement are converse or hot displacement value are not the same mustn’t use one hang rod。 安裝后檢查吊桿受力情況，若吊桿松弛，應(yīng)通過調(diào)整吊桿螺栓拉緊。 Stress condition of hang rod shall be checked after installation. If hang rod is loose, the hang pole bolts shall be adjusted and strained tightly. 8 管 道焊接 piping welding 焊接方法及焊接施工準(zhǔn)備 Welding process and preparation 焊接方法 Welding process 管道的現(xiàn)場組裝連接焊接采用半自動電弧焊接和手工電弧焊接兩種方法，管廊管道位置方便的連接焊縫用半自動電弧焊接；其余，全部采用手工電弧焊接。 管子膨脹方向 piping expansion direction 1/2 位移值 displacement 支架中心線 center line of support 管托中心線 center line of pad 滑動支架安裝位置 slide support installation position 17 Site assembly welding process of piping is semiautomatic arc welding and manual arc welding. For joints of piping rack piping whose position is easy for welding, semiautomatic arc welding are adopted。 for all other joints, manual arc welding are adopted. 裝置工藝系統(tǒng)管道全部采用手工氬氣保護(hù)焊接打底，手工電弧焊接蓋面的方法焊接。 Root pass by argon arc welding and cover pass manual arc welding are applied to whole process piping in plant. 公用工程系統(tǒng) (壓縮空氣、儀表風(fēng)、循環(huán)水、冷卻水等 )管道，采用手工電弧焊接。 For piping of utility system (press air, instrument air, circling water and cooling water, etc.), manual arc welding are applied. CPVC 管道采用熱镕焊。 CPVC pipe with hot fusion welding. 焊接施工準(zhǔn)備 Welding preparation 管道焊接施工前，應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)文件和規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求對所用各種材質(zhì)管道，進(jìn)行焊接工藝評定，并依據(jù)焊接工藝評定報告編制焊接工藝技術(shù)文件。 Before piping welding, welding process qualification record (WPQR) shall be done for all piping material used to per design documents, standards and codes, and then pile the welding procedure technical files according to WPQR. 管道焊接施工前，應(yīng)組織施焊人員進(jìn)行技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，并根據(jù)業(yè)主要求按相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范進(jìn)行焊接技能考試，需取得相應(yīng)的焊接資格。 Before piping welding, welders and welding operators shall have training courses and shall have examinations per the requirement of standards and codes, get the required qualification certificates. 焊接工程師在焊接前應(yīng)向焊接人員進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的焊接施工技術(shù)交底；要求焊接施工人員必須掌握焊接方法、程序、作業(yè)技術(shù)要求和質(zhì)量控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 Welding engineer should give welders and welding operators a detailed technical explanation before welding work starts, and request welders and welding operators master welding methods, procedure, and technical specification and quality control standards. 壓力管道施焊環(huán)境條件應(yīng)符合以下要求： Welding environment condition of pressure piping shall meet following requirement: 風(fēng)速：氬弧焊 2m/S，手工電弧焊 8m/S； 18 Wind speed: argon arc welding 2m/S, manual arc welding 8m/S. 焊接材料選用 Welding material selection 管道焊接材料選用的基本原則：焊接材料必須滿足管道材料的化學(xué)成份、力學(xué)性能、焊接性能及工藝介質(zhì)和焊接工藝要 求。 Principle of piping welding material selection: welding material must meet the requirements of chemical position, mechanical property, welding property, process fluid and welding process. 管道焊接接頭坡口形式、尺寸、管口組對要求見焊接工藝評定。 Shape and size of groove and assembly specification of piping joint refer WPQR. 焊接工藝 Welding procedure 管道焊接前，必須依據(jù)焊接工藝評定 (WPQR)結(jié)果，編制專項(xiàng)焊接工藝規(guī)范 (WPS)，按照專項(xiàng)工藝規(guī)范 (WPS)的焊接工藝要求進(jìn)行焊接施焊。 Special welding procedure specification (WPS) shall be prepared according to WPQR before piping welding. Welding work shall follow the requirements of special WPS. 管道焊接 Piping welding 點(diǎn)固焊接 Tack welding 管道的點(diǎn)固焊所用焊條，應(yīng)選用與正式施工焊接時牌號相同的焊條，其焊條烘烤和點(diǎn)固預(yù)熱要求 (有預(yù)熱要求時 )應(yīng)與正式焊接要求相同，但點(diǎn)固預(yù)熱的加熱范圍可以窄一些，只要被焊處的溫度達(dá)到規(guī)定值即可。 Electrode used to tack welding shall be the same as that used to normal welding, and also the specification of electrode bake and tack welding preheat. Anyhow, the heat range can be smaller for tack welding。 it is acceptable that temperature at tack welding point reach the required value. 點(diǎn)固焊 的焊縫高度要求為焊件厚度的 70%以下，且應(yīng) ≤6mm；點(diǎn)固焊的焊縫長度為 10～ 30mm，點(diǎn)固焊點(diǎn)數(shù)為 2～ 5 點(diǎn)。 The tack weld height shall be less then 70% of base material thickness, and shall be ≤6mm. The tack weld length shall be 10～ 30mm, the quantity sha