[醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生]4lipids-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-01-16 12:39本頁(yè)面
【正文】 pids (primarily triglycerides) from the intestine to the cells of the body. VLDL (Very Low Density Lipoproteins) ? made by the liver to transport liversynthesized lipids (primarily triglycerides) to the cells of the body ? as it loses triglycerides, they collect cholesterol from other lipoproteins and bee LDL LDL (Low Density Lipoproteins) ? posed mostly of cholesterol ? carries and deposits cholesterol to tissue cells: muscle, fat stores, mammary glands, heart, etc... ? the liver can control the amount of LDL in circulation ? (LDL is excessive, it implicates to increase danger of heart disease.) HDL (High Density Lipoproteins) ? Smallest lipoprotein, is the most proteindense lipoprotein ? carries cholesterol and phospohlipids from the cells back to the liver for recycling or disposal. ? High HDL can decrease the danger of heart disease. Factors that improve LDL:HDL ratios: (1) weight control (2) monosaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids in place of saturated fat (3) soluble fiber (4) antioxidants (5) moderate alcohol consumption (6) physical activity 12. Sources of Fatty Acids in Food ? Good food sources of linoleic acid and somewhat lesser amount of linolenic acid, include seed oils from corn, cotton, soybean (50% linoleic acid) and peanuts (2030% linoleic acid) as well as chicken fat. ? most other animal fats are low in this essential fatty acid. ? Linseed (亞麻子 ) oil is an excellent source of linolenic acid. High Fat Foods Source Fat Content Oils, salad, cooking 100% Butter and Margarine 80% Mayonnaise 蛋黃醬 80% Walnuts 胡桃 64% Chocolate (unsweetened) 53% Pork sausage (cooked) 45% Cheese 30% Olives 1620% Cakes, Cookies 1025% Ice Cream 1016% Meats 415% Fats in the food 13. Remended Maximum Fat Intake Remended Maximum Fat Intake Calories 1,600 2,200 2,800 Total fat (grams) 53 73 93 Calories of fat in diet is remended as less than 25% of total calories in daily diet. Obesity hungry Search food and eat food satiety Stop eating Take movement several hours Hungry again and have appetite Why take in food? ? Hungry ? Appetite ? Environment ? Instinctive appetite ? Drug ? disease ? endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽 ) Why stop to eat? ?satiety Heredity and fat ? Leptin (瘦身素 ) ? Setpoint theory(調(diào)定點(diǎn)理論 ) ? Lipoprotein lipase（酶作用理論） ? Thermogenesis（生熱作用理論） ? Fat cell （脂肪細(xì)胞數(shù)量理論） Behavior and fat ? Mood ? Less exercise How to loss weight? ? quick way ? Step by step ? doing exercise ? control energy intake ? balance dietary ? self efficacy carbohydrate glucose Hepatin/inositol fat Fatty acids Transform to fat for storage protein Amino acids Expel from body with nitrogen form Intake too much food Fasting Hepatin/inositol glucose fat Fatty acids energy Hepation exhausted but still fasting protein Amino acids glucose nitrogen Acetone body fat Fatty acids energ
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