【正文】 and a stable platform full length and width. 確保升降工作臺帶有護欄，作業(yè)臺足夠大而且穩(wěn)固 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Formwork System 56 ?從高處墜落的危險 .Risk of falling from height ?梯子不安全 ladder not secure. ?沒有扶手 no hand rails ?作業(yè)臺不完善 . platform not plete ?有樓梯 .Stairs are provided ?裝有扶手 hand rails are provided. ?作業(yè)臺完善 . working platforms are plete 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Concreting Works 57 ? 當心墜物或其它物體 ?梯子不安全 the ladder is not secure ?沒有扶手 there are no hand rails ?作業(yè)現(xiàn)場不整潔 有絆倒的危險 the work site is not tidy – there are trip hazards. ?模板裝備有安全梯子和扶手 the formwork has secure ladders and guardrails. 作業(yè)現(xiàn)場很整潔 無人員絆倒危險 the work site is tidy – no trip hazards. 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel （柴油發(fā)動機排放） Environment (Diesel Motor Emissions) 58 ?柴油機廢氣排放污染環(huán)境 Risk of Diesel Engine Exhaust Fumes ?發(fā)動機可安裝過濾器 應(yīng)對排放問題，不過成本高昂 ?Engines can be fitted with filters to remove emissions. This is expensive. 保證有效通風 Provide effective ventilation. 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel 17. 環(huán)境（粉塵排放） Environment (Dust emissions). 59 ? 會吸入有害粉塵 Risk of Inhalation of Harmful Dust ?會引起肺病 Silicosis Black Lungs Lung Damage ?保持粉塵區(qū)段潮濕 Wet Dusty Areas ?濕噴混凝土 Use wet shotcrete. ?戴防塵面罩 Use Dust Masks. ?采用外部通風裝置 Provide External Ventilation System 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel （分類） Emergencies Inside the Tunnel (Types) 60 ? 隧道掌子面塌方導致涌水或 涌砂 Ground collapse at face leading to inrush of loose sand or water. ? 隧道掌子面后面附近臨時或永久性支護塌陷 Failure of temporary or permanent support some distance behind the face. ? 雨水或河流淹沒隧道 .Flooding of the tunnel from rain or river ? 氧氣不足 Oxygen deficiency ? 火災(zāi) Fires ? 涉及運輸 /移動設(shè)備 /機械的事故 .Accidents involving moving plant and machineries ? 停電 /電源故障 Power failure ? 瓦斯爆炸 Gas explosion ? 地震 Earthquake 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Emergency Plans 61 ? 誰負責 Who is in charge ? 如何撤離隧道 How to Evacuate the Tunnel ? 應(yīng)急照明如何操作 . How Emergency Lighting works ? 消防設(shè)備在哪 Where fire fighting equipment is ? 特種設(shè)備的位置，如泵或氧氣設(shè)備 Location of Special Equipment such as pumps or breathing equipment. ? 聯(lián)系醫(yī)院和消防隊或軍隊 .Contacting Hospital and Fire Services or Army ? 救援隊及其任務(wù) Who are the Rescue Teams and what they do. ? 應(yīng)急事故演練 Emergency Drill and Practices 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Emergency Equipments 62 ?對應(yīng)急事故和救助過程演練加以指導 Give Regular Instructions on Emergency Drills and Rescue Procedures ?與消防隊和醫(yī)院一起進行應(yīng)急事故演練 Carry Out Emergency Drills with the Participation of the Fire Brigade and Hospital ? 提供有效的應(yīng)急通信設(shè)施 Provide Effective Emergency Communications ?設(shè)置急救站和裝備擔架 Setup First Aid and Stretcher Stations. ?設(shè)置滅火器與空氣監(jiān)測站 Setup Fire Extinguishers Stations. 隧道內(nèi)配備氧氣呼吸器（自救）用于有毒氣體如甲烷的防護。 Provide Oxygen breathing apparatus (SelfRescuers) for Tunnels that may have toxic gas for example methane 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Emergency Treatments 63 ?現(xiàn)場急救 On the Spot Treatment ?醫(yī)院急救電話 Emergency Call to hospital. 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Emergency treatments 64 自制擔架 Locally made stretcher 暗挖隧道施工 Construction of Mining Tunnel Emergency treatments 65 需要擔架 . The man need stretcher 66 66 Niederlassung IBV China . H. V246。ssing (Beijing) Ltd. Substation Beijing, Bengbu, Jinan und Nanjing Fon: +86 10 5869 4736 Fax: +86 10 5869 4733 Email: Inter: 非常感謝您的關(guān)注