【正文】 ，作 know的賓語(yǔ) ? As is known, smoking is harmful to one39。s health. as是關(guān)系代詞 , 充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 know要用被動(dòng)式。 CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 75 典型例題 1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he 2. The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 3. It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that B. which C. as D. it as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ) 必須是系動(dòng)詞；若為行為動(dòng)詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用 which。在本題中， prevent由于是行為動(dòng)詞，所以應(yīng)選 B。 CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 76 介詞 +關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略 2） that前不能有介詞 3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的 “介詞 +關(guān)系詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞 when 和 where 互換。關(guān)系副詞 =介詞 +關(guān)系代詞， why=for which， where=in/ at/ on/ ... Which， when=during/ on/ in/ ... Which。如： The man with whom you talked is my friend. This is the house in which I lived two years ago = This is the house where I lived two years ago Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? = Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late =This is the reason for which he came late.. CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 77 介詞 +關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 ? “介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”前可有 some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞、數(shù)詞或者名詞。如： 1. He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him 2. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities boat, the name of which is Topsail, is famous 5. I bought many books yesterday, three of which are written by Lu Xun. CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 78 技巧 _which還是介詞 +which 例 1:In the United States, a primary election is a method voters select the nominees for public office. (A) that (B) by which (C) is that (D) by those 例 2: Croquet is a popular lawn game players hit wooden balls through wire arches called wickers. (A) when (B) which (C) is when (D) in which CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 79 技巧 _which還是介詞 +which ? “which ”后面加一個(gè)缺主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)的句子，因?yàn)椤?which” 在這個(gè)句子中作了賓語(yǔ)或者主語(yǔ)成分 ? “介詞 +which”后面跟一個(gè)完整的句子，因?yàn)椤敖樵~+which”整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ) . ◆ 技巧 1: 句子 + prep + which +句子 ◆ 技巧 2: 定語(yǔ)從句 ： S+ Vt+ n + that / which + 不完整句 同位語(yǔ)從句： S+ Vt+ n + that + 完整句 當(dāng)碰到句子 ____ 句子時(shí)，優(yōu)先選擇 prep + which / in that CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 80 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 1. The train ___ she was traveling was late． A． which B． where C． on which D． in that 2. Antarctic ___ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round． A． which B． where C． that D． about which CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 81 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 3. In the dark street， there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help． A． that B． who C． from whom D． to whom 4. He is my son， _____ a better son does not exist． A． but B． than who C． against whom D. than whom 5. Wrestling is a sport _____ you try to get the other person down on the floor． A． that B． where C． which D． in which turn to sb． for help “向某人求助” against是介詞，表示“與 …… 對(duì)比” CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 82 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 6. Can you lend me the book __ the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 7. The pen ___he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 83 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 8. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ___sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 9. The engineer ___my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 84 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 summer we visited the West Lake, ___ Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what way __he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ 在 way、 distance、 direction等詞后的定語(yǔ)從句中，常用 that來(lái)代替“ in (或其他介詞 )+which”、 when或 where， 而 that?？墒÷? CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 85 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 is the reason ______he didn39。t e to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which reason ____he didn39。t e was ____he was ill. A. why。 that B. that。 why C. for that。 that D. for which。 what The reason why… was that…. 已成為一種固定句型，這一句中 的 why和 that不能隨意換位，也不能將 that改成 because，盡管 that這個(gè)詞在譯文中可能有 “因?yàn)椤钡暮x。 CNPC托?？荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 86 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who is not the way ______I do it. A. / B. which C. for which D. with which 在 way、 distance、 direction等詞后的定語(yǔ)從句中，常用 that來(lái)代替“ in (或其他介詞 )+which”、 when或 where， 而 that?？墒÷? CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 87 Which還是 “ 介詞 +which”專(zhuān)練 have two grammars, ___are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which is the magazine __ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which