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A. businesses that sell B. selling businesses C. businesses sell D. that sell to businesses CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 24 考點(diǎn) 4:賓語(yǔ)成份 ? 常考類(lèi)型包括:及物動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)成份,介詞后需加的賓語(yǔ)成份,某些詞或詞組帶雙賓語(yǔ)的固定用法。 ? 賓語(yǔ)的種類(lèi) ? 可作賓語(yǔ)的成分 ? 雙賓語(yǔ) ? 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) ? 形式賓語(yǔ) CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 25 賓語(yǔ)的種類(lèi) … ? 直接賓語(yǔ) _動(dòng)作的對(duì)象,承受者或后果 ★ We love our motherland. ★ They robbed a bank. ? 間接賓語(yǔ) _雙賓動(dòng)詞后跟兩賓語(yǔ),一直接賓語(yǔ),一間接賓語(yǔ);間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是向某人或?yàn)槟橙俗龅? ? 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) _由兩部分構(gòu)成的賓語(yǔ),后者稱(chēng)為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(不定式,動(dòng)名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞,名詞,形容詞) 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ) Auntie gave me a toy car He bought himself a new tie 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) They asked him to speak at the meeting She saw a girl waving to her My kids never heard the song sung in Italian They elected him vicepresident He made his father sad BACK CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 26 可作賓語(yǔ)的成分 ? 名詞 ★ Show your passport, please ? 代詞 ★ She didn?t say anything ? 數(shù)詞 ★ How many do you want? I want two ? 名詞化的形容詞 ★ They sent the injured to the hospital ? 不定式 ★ They asked to see my passport ? 動(dòng)名詞 ★ I enjoy working with you ? 從句 ★ Did you write down what he said? ? 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) ★ I find this weather very trying.. BACK CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 27 雙賓語(yǔ) ? 英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞可帶兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)(雙賓語(yǔ)),即指人的間接賓語(yǔ) 和指物的 直接賓語(yǔ) ,常用句型為: S+V+Oi+Od ? 有時(shí),間接賓語(yǔ)也可改為由介詞 to或 for引起的短語(yǔ),放在直接賓語(yǔ)后面 ? She passed him the salt= ? Her uncle bought her a present= ? 由 to連接間接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: pass, give, show, tell, lend, take。 由 for連接間接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: buy, cook, sing, make, get.. BACK Give me a cup of tea, please She passed the salt to him Her uncle bought her a present CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 28 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) ? 英語(yǔ)中,有些及物動(dòng)詞接賓語(yǔ)后還需接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的有關(guān)情況,這樣意思才完整。賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)合稱(chēng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。常用句型為: S+Vt+O+Oc ? 可做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有:名詞,形容詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,不定式,介詞短語(yǔ)等 ( 1) 接名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有: call, name. Think, : ( 2) 接形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有: make, keep, think, : We call the mooncakes At first I find TOEFL test hard. CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 29 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) ( 3)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)分三種情況: ① 接帶 to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: tell,want,ask,wish,teach.如: ? Tell him to e here the day after tomorrow ② 接不帶 to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: see,hear, watch,let,: ? He made us laugh ③ 動(dòng)詞 help接帶 (不帶 to)的不定式均可 .如: ? She often helps her mother (to) do the housework. . CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 30 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) ( 4) 接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有: watch, see, hear, find, : ? In the country, you can hear birds singing. ( 5) 接介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有: find, keep, : ? The boy found himself in great difficulty. CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 31 ? 若賓語(yǔ)與其后成分之間存在著邏輯上的主謂或主表關(guān)系,是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ);否則就是雙賓語(yǔ)。 She passed the salt to him Tell him to e here the day after tomorrow. At first I find TOEFL test hard. Give me a cup of tea, please. 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) 雙賓語(yǔ) BACK CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 32 形式賓語(yǔ) ? 即用 it作賓語(yǔ) ( 1)先行詞 it作賓語(yǔ)。在一些復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中,可將 it做先行詞,借助它將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到句子后面 ① 代表不定式 ② 代表 that引導(dǎo)的從句( that有時(shí)可省略) ③ 有時(shí)可代表連接代(副)詞引導(dǎo)的從句或動(dòng)名詞 She found it difficult to convince him. I was sure (that) you would take my advice. He didn?t make it clear when he is ing back. CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 33 賓語(yǔ)從句見(jiàn)名詞性從句一章 CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 34 考點(diǎn) 5:定語(yǔ)成份 ? 定語(yǔ) ? 定語(yǔ)從句 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 35 (一)定語(yǔ) ? 定語(yǔ)是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子 ? 名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)以及動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、分詞和定語(yǔ)從句等都可用作定語(yǔ)。 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 36 (一)定語(yǔ) : The little boy needs a blue pen. (little修飾名詞 boy; blue修飾名詞 pen.) /小男孩需要一支藍(lán)色的鋼筆 : Two boys need two pens./兩個(gè)男孩需要兩支鋼筆。 : His boy needs Tom39。s pen./他的男孩需要 Tom的鋼筆。 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 37 (一)定語(yǔ) : The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支鋼筆。 : The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圓珠筆。 : The boy there needs a pen./那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 38 (一)定語(yǔ) : The boy to write this letter needs a pen./寫(xiě)這封信的男孩需要一支鋼筆。 (短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ): The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那個(gè)微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買(mǎi)的鋼筆。 The pen bought by her is made in China./她買(mǎi)的筆是中國(guó)產(chǎn)的 : The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那個(gè)在閱讀的男孩需要你昨天買(mǎi)的鋼筆。 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 39 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 從句有兩種: ? 形容詞性從句 ? 名詞性從句 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 40 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 ? 有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的概念 ? 關(guān)系代詞的一般用法 ? 關(guān)系副詞的一般用法 ? 判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 ? 限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 ? 介詞 +關(guān)系詞 ? as, which 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 ? 先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一 ? 關(guān)系代詞 that 的用法 ? 作定語(yǔ)從句試題的基本方法 定 語(yǔ) 從 句 專(zhuān) 項(xiàng) 練 習(xí) 題 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 41 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的概念 定語(yǔ)從句 先行詞 關(guān)系詞 CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 42 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 ? 定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句,其作用是作定語(yǔ)修飾主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分,相當(dāng)于形容詞,所以又稱(chēng)為形容詞性從句,它通常緊靠在所修飾的先行詞(名詞或代詞)后面。 CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 43 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 就是被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞 CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 44 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 ? 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞 ? 關(guān)系詞有 關(guān)系代詞 who, whom, whose, which和 that等;關(guān)系副詞 有 when, where, why等 ? 關(guān)系詞不僅起連接作用,而且還代表先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任某一句子成分,關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等;關(guān)系副詞作狀語(yǔ)。如: ☆ This is the book that my father bought me yesterday ☆ The time when he arrives is not known BACK CNPC托??荚囕o導(dǎo)系列 45 (二)定語(yǔ)從句 ? 先行詞是人,在從句中作主語(yǔ)用 who,作賓語(yǔ)用 whom或 who,作定語(yǔ)用whose; ? 先行詞是物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)都用 which,作定語(yǔ)用 of which或whose均可。 ? 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 which, who, whom都可用 that代替。 ? 關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常被省略。如: ? This is the man who helped me yesterday. (作主語(yǔ) ) ? The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is ing. (作 see的賓語(yǔ),可以省略 ) ? I met a boy whose father was a astronaut. (作定語(yǔ) ) ? Here is the coat which/that will be made to you. (作主語(yǔ)) ? This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year. (作visited的賓語(yǔ),可以省略 ) ? He has a book whose cover (=the cover of which) is very beautiful. (作定語(yǔ)) BACK CNPC托福考試輔導(dǎo)系列 46 (二)定語(yǔ)從句