【正文】
contractual obligations ? History: Council for mutual economic aid – General conditions of delivery of goods – regional multilateral unification (19581989) – both substantive and conflict of rules regional unification 18 Methods of Unification Unification of substantive rules 1980 UN Convention on international sale of goods (Vienna convention, SISG) 1988 – UN Convention on International financial leasing 1988 – UN Convention on International factoring 2021 – UN Convention on electronic munication in mercial contracts 19 Methods of Unification International unification Elaborating and adopting by international governmental anisations of international conventions and remendation (model laws, guidelines, etc.) Private unification Elaborating by governmental and nongovernmental anisations of soft law – non binding rules adressed to private actors 20 Realisation of international documents Ratification of international convention 1980 CISG – 1988 – entry into force, 1980 Rome convention – 1988 entry into force Adopting of national law on the basis of UNCITRAL model laws (1985 Model law on International mercial arbitration more than 40 countries adopted their national laws) Incorporation, Transplantation of international convention into national law – some article of CISG are incorporated in the Model of Civil Code for CIS countries, in Civil Code of Argentina, some Principles UNIDROIT – in chinese legislation 21 Methods of unification used by CIS countries ? Ratification of international conventions: CISG 11 postsoviet countries, 1958 NewYork convention on recognitions and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards – 13 postsoviet countries ? Adopting of national law on the basis of UNCITRAL Model Law (Russian 1993 Law on international mercial arbitration, Russian Law on Electronic signature, etc) ? Incorporation of provisions on international conventions into Model CIS Civil code and into national Civil code of CIS countries ? Implementation of UNIDROIT Principles of international mercial contracts: as a guidelines for drafting contracts, then elaborating new legislation, and resolving disputes our of international contracts