【導(dǎo)讀】及流出公司的活動(dòng)。MM處理采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)、倉(cāng)庫(kù)管理和庫(kù)存清單，還進(jìn)行發(fā)。票的核查以及提供一套復(fù)雜的信息系統(tǒng)。計(jì)劃、輸入和檢查庫(kù)存移動(dòng)。銷售與作業(yè)計(jì)劃(Sales&. 所有庫(kù)存都包括在物料需求計(jì)劃范圍內(nèi)。有關(guān)公司采購(gòu)、存儲(chǔ)、生產(chǎn)方面的物料的詳細(xì)資料。一個(gè)物料可以是原材料、成品、半成品、備件、包裝材料等等.指定物料的信息集中來(lái)源。物料主數(shù)據(jù)包含描述、計(jì)量單位、采購(gòu)組、多于/少于訂單交貨

　　

【正文】 ng) 54 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 要點(diǎn) ? 總覽 (Overview) ? 采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 (PR:Purchase Requisition) ? 詢價(jià) (RFQ:Request for Quotation) ? 采購(gòu)訂單 (PO:Purchase Order) ? 框架協(xié)議 (Outlien Agreement) ? 計(jì)劃協(xié)議和交貨計(jì)劃 () (Scheduling Agreement amp。 Delivery Schedule) 55 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu) (Purchasing) – 是工業(yè)和管理中用到的術(shù)語(yǔ)，代表獲取 物料、供應(yīng)和服務(wù) 的功能和職責(zé) . (The term used in Industry and Management to denote the function of and the responsibility for procuring materials,supplies and services.) 56 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)周期 (Procurement Cycle) 確定需求 (Determine Requirements) MM 物料管理 . 確定供應(yīng)資源 (Determine Source of Supply) 選擇供應(yīng)商 (Select Vendor) 處理采購(gòu)憑證 Process PO Doc. 監(jiān)控采購(gòu)憑證 Monitor PO Doc. 收貨及管理庫(kù)存 Receices Goods amp。 Manage Inventory 校驗(yàn)發(fā)票 (Verify Invoice) MRP物料需求計(jì)劃 57 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 必須為采購(gòu)活動(dòng)分配相應(yīng)人員 (Staff must be assigned for handling procurement activities) P u r c h a s i n gg ro u p 1P u r c h a s i n gg ro u p 2P u r c h a s i n gg r o u p 3P u rc h a s i n gO r g a n i z a t i o nA工廠 1 工廠 2 工廠 3 采購(gòu)組織 A 采購(gòu)組 1 采購(gòu)組 2 采購(gòu)組 3 Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 3 58 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 支持不同的采購(gòu)憑證類型 . (Various types of purchasing documents are supported) ? 采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 (Purchasie Requisition) ? 詢價(jià) (RFQ:Request for Quotation) ? 報(bào)價(jià) (Quotation) ? 采購(gòu)訂單 (Purchase Order) ? 合同 (Contract) ? 供應(yīng)商計(jì)劃協(xié)議 (Vendor Scheduling Agreement) ? 發(fā)票 (Invoice) 59 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document SAP 采購(gòu)目的 : (SAP purchasing can be used for procurement of:) ? 原材料 (Raw Materials) ? 備件 (Spare Parts) ? 半成品 (Semifinished Products) ? 服務(wù) (Services) ? 資產(chǎn) (Assets) 60 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu)憑證的結(jié)構(gòu) (Structure of a Purchasing document) 憑證抬頭 (Document Header) 一般文本 (GeneralText) 抬頭數(shù)據(jù) (Header Data) 項(xiàng)目數(shù)據(jù) (Item Data) 項(xiàng)目 1 文本 價(jià)格 數(shù)據(jù) 項(xiàng)目 2 項(xiàng)目 3 (Item) ?Logistics?Materials management?Purchasing?Purchase order… (ME21/22/23) 61 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 便利的手工數(shù)據(jù)輸入 (Facilities for Manual Data Entry) ? 直接創(chuàng)建 (Create Directly) ? 帶參考的創(chuàng)建 (Create with Reference) 62 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 輸出和打印 (Output amp。 Printing) EDI 電子數(shù)據(jù)交換 ? 憑證 (Document) ?報(bào)價(jià) (Quotations) ?采購(gòu)訂單 (Purchase Order ?? Delivery Instruction ?框架協(xié)議 (Outline Agreement) ?借項(xiàng)憑證和貸項(xiàng)憑證 (Credit and Debit Memos) 電報(bào) 打印輸出 郵件 傳真 63 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu)申請(qǐng) (Purchase Requisition) 64 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求處理過(guò)程 MRP 直接輸入 (Direct Input) 供應(yīng)商 (Vendor) 過(guò)程 (Release Procedure) 框架協(xié)議 (Outline Agreement) 建立采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 確定供應(yīng)資源 批準(zhǔn) 分配并處理 建立采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 (Create PR) 確定供應(yīng)資源 (Determine Source of Supply) 批準(zhǔn) (Release) 分配并處理 (Allocate and Process) (Process Purchase Requisition) 65 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 會(huì)計(jì)科目分配 (Account Assignment) 不參考會(huì)計(jì)科目類別 (W/O Account Catagory) 物料 (Material) 自動(dòng)分配會(huì)計(jì)科目 (從主數(shù)據(jù)中取得 ) Automatic Account Assignment (Taken from Master Record) 會(huì)計(jì)科目分配 (Account Assignment) 存貨會(huì)計(jì)科目 (Stock Accoutn) 耗用會(huì)計(jì)科目 資產(chǎn)會(huì)計(jì)科目等等 . (Consumption Account ,Asset Account, etc) 手工分配會(huì)計(jì)科目 (Manual Account Assignment) 輸入會(huì)計(jì)科目類別 (Enter Account Catalogy) 參考會(huì)計(jì)科目類別 (With Account Catagory) 66 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 會(huì)計(jì)科目類別 (Account Catagory) A:資產(chǎn) (Asset) C:銷售訂單 (Sales Order) F:生產(chǎn)訂單 (Production Order) K:成本中心 (Cost Center) P:項(xiàng)目 (Project) U:未知的會(huì)計(jì)科目分配 (Unknown Account Assignment) … Account assignment category: Key specifying whether accounting for an item is to be effected via anauxiliary account (for example a cost center). Use: The account assignment category determines which account assignment data(for example, cost center, account number etc.) are necessary for the item.(用來(lái)確定相應(yīng) Item應(yīng)歸屬于哪個(gè)會(huì)計(jì)科目 ) 67 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 手工建立一個(gè)采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 PR ( Create a PR Manually, Tcode:ME51/52/53 Table:EBAN) 維護(hù)屏幕中的所有數(shù)據(jù) (Maintain Item Dta on Overview SCreen) 如果需要，維護(hù)會(huì)計(jì)科目分配 (Maintain Acctount Assignment If Required) 檢查數(shù)據(jù) (Check Data) 完成初始化屏幕 Complete Initial Screen 保存 (Save) 68 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 下達(dá) /批準(zhǔn)采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求 (Release/Approve Purchase Requisition) 69 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求的批準(zhǔn) (Approval for Purchase Requisition Tcode:ME54:Release PR, MD04) ? SAP 允許在線批準(zhǔn)采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求（ PR) ? 僅僅批準(zhǔn)的采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求可以轉(zhuǎn)化為采購(gòu)訂單 ? 采購(gòu)訂單的批準(zhǔn) 70 SAP –MM : Material Management Training Document 批準(zhǔn)過(guò)程 (Release Procedure) 批準(zhǔn)條件 (Release Conditions) 價(jià)值 (Value) 物料組 (Material Group) 會(huì)計(jì)科目分配類別 (Account Assignment Category) 工廠 (Plant) 批準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志 (Release Indicator) 訂單的批準(zhǔn) /凍結(jié) (Release/Block for Order) 采購(gòu)請(qǐng)求的批準(zhǔn) /凍結(jié) (Release/Block for RFQ) 批準(zhǔn)策略 (Release Strategy) 批準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的數(shù)量 (Number of Rel. Points) 批準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的順序 (Sequence of Rel. Points) 批準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志 (Release Indicator