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國際經(jīng)濟學第15章-匯率的決定-資料下載頁

2025-05-12 19:11本頁面
  

【正文】 加,短期內收入和物價是相對不變的。因此,利率趨于下降,以使貨幣的供求保持均衡。 Overshooting Exchange Rates ? IRP: iAiB = (FE)/E ? A drop in iA, given iB lowers (FE)/E ? Since the money supply in country A increases, we expect that eventually prices there will rise (Why?). ? The higher future price in A will imply a higher future exchange rate to achieve PPP: E=PA/PB 給定 B國利率的條件下,A國利率下降, (FE)/E就必須下跌。當 A國的貨幣供給增加時, A國的物價就會上升。因為有較多的 A國貨幣在尋求購買固定數(shù)量的商品。 A國較高的未來物價意味著要有一個較高的未來即期匯率,以維持購買力平價關系 Overshooting Exchange Rates ? Since PA is expected to rise over time, give PB, E will also rise. ? This higher expected future spot rate will be reflected in a higher forward rate now. ? If F rise, while (FE) falls to maintain IRP, E must rise more so that (FE)/E falls 給定 B國的物價水平,在A國貨幣供給增加的一段時間后, A國的物價水平將上升, E也將會上升。這種較高的預期的未來即期匯率可反映在較高的遠期匯率之中。如果 F上升,而同時 (FE)/E必須下跌,以維持利率平價,則 E上升的幅度就應大于 F上升的幅度。 Overshooting Exchange Rates ? Then, once prices start rising, real money balances fall,and domestic interest rises. ? Over time as the interest increases, E will fall to maintain IRP. ? Therefore, the initial rise in E will be in excess of the longrun E, or E will overshoot its longrun value. ?那么,一旦價格開始上升,實際貨幣余額下降,利率上升, E下降以保證IRP成立。因此, E開始時的上升水平將超過長期的 E,或者說 E調整過度,超出其長期值。 這就是所謂的匯率超調。 Overshooting Exchange Rates O t e t0 E0 E1 O t M t0 M0 M1 O t i t0 i1 i0 O t P t0 P0 P1
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