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by the Second International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Technology. In 1995, Dr. Zadeh was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor For pioneering development of fuzzy logic and its many diverse applications. In 1996, Dr. Zadeh was awarded the Okawa Prize For outstanding contribution to information science through the development of fuzzy logic and its applications. In 1997, Dr. Zadeh was awarded the B. Bolzano Medal by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic For outstanding achievements in fuzzy mathematics. He also received the . Wohl Career Achievement Award of the IEEE Systems, Science and Cyberics Society. He served as a Lee Kuan Yew Distinguished Visitor, lecturing at the National University of Singapore and the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, and as the Gulbenkian Foundation Visiting Professor at the New University of Lisbon in Portugal. In 1998, Dr. Zadeh was awarded the Edward Feigenbaum Medal by the International Society for Intelligent Systems, and the Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award by the American Council on Automatic Control. In addition, he received the Information Science Award from the Association for Intelligent Machinery and the SOFT Scientific Contribution Memorial Award from the Society for Fuzzy Theory in Japan. In 1999, he was elected to membership in Berkeley Fellows and received the Certificate of Merit from IFSA (International Fuzzy Systems Association). In 2020, he received t he IEEE Millennium Medal。 the IEEE Pioneer Award in Fuzzy Systems。 the ASPIH 2020 Lifetime Distinguished Achievement Award。 and the ACIDCA 2020 Award for the paper, From Computing with Numbers to Computing with Words—From Manipulation of Measurements to Manipulation of Perceptions. In addition, he received the Chaos Award from the Center of 8 Hyperincursion and Anticipation in Ordered Systems for his outstanding scientific work on foundations of fuzzy logic, soft puting, puting with words and the putational theory of perceptions. In 2020, Dr. Zadeh received the ACM 2020 Allen Newell Award for seminal contributions to AI through his development of fuzzy logic. In addition, he received a Special Award from the Committee for Automation and Robotics of the Polish Academy of Sciences for his significant contributions to systems and information science, development of fuzzy sets theory, fuzzy logic control, possibility theory, soft puting, puting with words and putational theory of perceptions. In 2020, Dr. Zadeh was elected as a foreign member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences, and received the Norbert Wiener Award of the IEEE Society of Systems, Man and Cyberics “For pioneering contributions to the development of system theory, fuzzy logic and soft puting.” In 2020, Dr. Zadeh was awarded Civitate Honoris Causa by Budapest Tech (BT) Polytechnical Institution, Budapest, Hungary. Also in 2020, he was awarded the V. Kaufmann Prize by the International Association for FuzzySet Management and Economy (SIGEF). In 2020, Dr. Zadeh was elected as a foreign member of Polish Academy of Sciences, Korea Academy of Science amp。 Technology and Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. He was also awarded the Nicolaus Copernicus Medal of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the J. Keith Brimabe IPMM Award. Dr. Zadeh is a recipient of twentyfive honorary doctorates from: PaulSabatier University, Toulouse, France。 State University of New York, Binghamton, NY。 University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany。 University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain。 University of Granada, Granada, Spain。 Lakehead University, Canada。 University of Louisville, KY。 Baku State University, Azerbaijan。 the Silesian Technical University, Gliwice, Poland。 the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada。 the Unive rsity of Ostrava, the Czech Republic。 the University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL。 the University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany。 the University of Paris(6), Paris, France。 Jahannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria。 University of Waterloo, Canada。 the University of Aurel Vlaicu, Arad, Romania。 Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland。 Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan。 Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China。 Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India。 and the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. Dr. Zadeh has singleauthored over two hundred papers and serves on the editorial boards of over fifty journals. He is a member of the Advisory Committee, Center for Education and Research in Fuzzy Systems and Artificial Intelligence, Iasi, Romania。 Senior Advisory Board, International Institute for General Systems Studies。 the Board of Governors, International Neural Networks Society。 and is the Honorary President of the Biomedical Fuzzy Systems Association of Japan and the Spanish Association for Fuzzy Logic and Technologies. In addition, he is a member of the Advisory Board of the National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo。 a member of the Governing Board, Knowledge Systems Institute, Skokie, IL。 and an honorary member of the Academic Council of NAISOIAAC. Professor in the Graduate School and Director, Berkeley Initiative in Soft Computing (BISC), Computer Science Division, Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720l776。 Telephone: 5l06424959。 Fax: 5l0642l7l2。 Email: 9 Knowledge and Its Use in Natural Language Processing Makoto Nagao National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan At the basis of human activities there exist concepts, their connections, and their activations, which are best represented and drove by national language expressions. Therefore, the construction of AI systems which involve natural language processing deeply is one of the most important topics in artificial intelligence research. This paper