【正文】 uestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashortti)Thisiswhywecan ’)Butthefactremainsthatwearebehind)Thereasonheislateforschoolisthathemissedtheearlybus. 四 .同位語從句 同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。 同位語從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that 引導(dǎo)，例如： 1)Theking ’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople. 2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral. 同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如： HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff. (1)定語從句中的 that 既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的 that 是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。 (2)定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。例如： 1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。）（第一個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句， that 在 從 句 中 作 賓 語 ）2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.（湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句， that在句中不作任何成分） 高一英語名詞性從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 1． ____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme. edthecustomerhow____ .. uateswillbeadmittedintouniversities. d. . ’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease. A. that g. 。hadtoleave 。shouldleave C./。mustleave 。rizeinthematch. 。that 。that 。____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch. ? ’ . 14.???_____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen. . ’ tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness. ded. 。that 。dverymuch. . . : 1— 5ABABC6— 10AABAC11— 15BBCAB16— 20BCBAA 第二章“ It”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解 It用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，又是近幾年高考的熱點(diǎn)，因此應(yīng)給予充分的重視，現(xiàn)將 it 用法歸納如下： 一、 It 用作實(shí)詞 表達(dá)以下概念 :指代前文提到的事物，前文中的 this,that；替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事；指代時(shí)間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象?? 二、 It 用作形式主語 替代作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。 It 作形式主語 的常見句型： ，其句型為 (1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth. 此處 adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,wellmannered,illmannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous? 例 Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense. (2). 此處 adj. 通 常 為 描 述 人 的 形 容 詞 ：kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy. 例 It39。skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem. (3)It替代作主語的動(dòng)名詞的常見句型 It39。snogood/usedoing? It39。s(well)worthdoing? It39。s(well)worthone39。swhiledoing/todo? It39。s(well)worthwhiledoing/todo 例 It39。snousecryingoverspiltmilk. (1)Itis+noun+從句 例 Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice. (2)Itisadj.+clause It39。ssurprisingthat? (should)???竟然?? It39。sapity/shamethat? (should)???竟然?? 例 It39。simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.(=It39。sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.) (3)Itverbsb.+clause=Itisving+clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/? 例 Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.(=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.) (4)Itverb(tosb.)that? =sb/sthverbtodo (verb=appear,seem,eabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout) 例 It(so)happened/chancedthattheywereout.(=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout.) (5)Itisvedthat? =sb/sthistodo (verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know） 例 Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.(=Thecouplearesaidtohavegottendivorced.) (6)Itisvedthat? (should)? (verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,remend 例 Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion. 三、 It 作主語的句型 .? todo? (=sbtakes? todo? )某人用多長時(shí)間做某事 例 Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof.(=Thementookaweektomendourroof.) 39。s(just)(un)?（不）像某人做某事的風(fēng)格 例 Itwas(just)likehimtothinkofhelpingus. 39。s(about/high)timethat? should/ved?是該做某事的時(shí)候了 例 It39。s(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction. 39。sthexthtime(that)? haveved?第幾次做某事了 例 It39。sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest. ? since? continuousved(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 )某動(dòng)作已有多長時(shí)間不發(fā)生了 例 It39。s10yearsthathelivedhere (not)? before?過 (不 )了多長時(shí)間某動(dòng)作發(fā)生了 例 Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived. 四、 It 作形式賓語 用來替代作賓語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作賓語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。 It 作形式賓語的常 見句型： +it+adj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep? ) 例 Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou39。lldothetaskonyourown. 2. verb+it+adj./noun (one39。s) doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone39。swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make, keep? ) 例 I39。llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret. 3. verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat? (should)? verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/littleimportancethat? (should)? (verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep? ) 例 Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference. +it+as+noun/adj.+clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view) 例 Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture. .+it+prep.+that?