【導(dǎo)讀】本論文著重介紹了以西門子公司生產(chǎn)的S7-200系列的PLC為主要控制元件，面的危害；當(dāng)這四種空氣指數(shù)都符合舒適度的設(shè)定時，系統(tǒng)會輸出顯示為舒適。以上這些功能都是我們通過對PLC的編程實現(xiàn)的。這些傳感器具有反應(yīng)速度快、測量精度高、耗能低、自身功能強大和價格低。當(dāng)外部傳感器監(jiān)測到外部環(huán)境所對應(yīng)的空氣指數(shù)后通過變送器將電阻。定范圍時會做出相應(yīng)的報警。本設(shè)計的小型氣象站的測量精度非常高，實時性也。比較高，所以完全可以應(yīng)用到日常生活中去。

　　

【正文】 ， [9] 向曉漢 .西門子 WinCC V7 從入門到提高 .北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， [10] 朱文杰 .S7200 PLC 編程設(shè)計與案例分析 .北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， [11] 謝云敏，郭貴中，黨保華 .電氣與可編程控制技術(shù) .上海：上海交通大學(xué)出版社， 2020 [12] 于廣慶 .可編程控制器原理及系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 .北京：清華大學(xué)出版社， [13] 劉國榮等 .計算機控制技術(shù)（第二版） .北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， [14] 馬建明，周長城 .數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)與處理技術(shù) .西安：西安交通大學(xué)出版社， [15] 周振安，范良龍等 .數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實踐 .北京：地震洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 43 出版社， 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 44 外文資料翻譯 Synoptic weather typing and regressionbased downscaling approaches have bee popular in evaluating the impacts of climate change on a variety of environmental problems, particularly those involving extreme impacts. One of the reasons for the popularity of these approaches is their ability to categorize a plex set of meteorological variables into a coherent index, facilitating the projection of changes in frequency and intensity of future daily extreme weather events and/or their impacts. This paper illustrated the capability of the synoptic weather typing and regression methods to analyze climatic change impacts on a number of extreme weather events and environmental problems for south–central Canada, such as freezing rain, heavy rainfall, high/lowstreamflow events, air pollution, and human health. These statistical approaches are helpful in analyzing extreme events and projecting their impacts into the future through three major steps or analysis procedures: (1) historical simulation modeling to identify extreme weather events or their impacts, (2) statistical downscaling to provide stationscale future hourly/daily climate data, and (3) projecting changes in the fr equency and intensity of future extreme weather events and their impacts under a changing climate. To realize these steps, it is first necessary to conceptualize the modeling of the meteorology, hydrology and impacts model variables of significance and to apply a number of linear/nonlinear regression techniques. Because the climate/weather validation process is critical, a formal model result verification process has been built into each of these three steps. With carefully chosen physically consistent and relevant variables, the results of the verification, based on historical observations of the oute variables simulated by the models, show a very good agreement in all applications and extremes tested to date. Overall, the modeled results from climate change studies indicate that the frequency and intensity of future extreme weather events and their impacts are generally projected to significantly increase late 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 45 this century over south–central Canada under a changing climate. The implications of these increases need be taken into consideration and integrated into policies and planning for adaptation strategies, including measures to incorporate climate change into engineering infrastructure design standards and disaster risk reduction measures. This paper briefly summarized these climate change research projects, focusing on the modeling methodologies and results, and attempted to use plain language to make the results more accessible and interesting to the broader informed audience. These research projects have been used to support decisionmakers in south–central Canada when dealing with future extreme weather events under climate change. Introduction It has bee widely recognized that hot spells/heat waves, heavy precipitation, and severe winter and summer storm events may increase over most land areas of the globe due to a changing climate (Cubasch et al. 1995。 Zwiers and Kharin 1998。 Last and Chiotti 2020。 Meehl and Tebaldi 2020。 Riedel 2020。 Kharin and Zwiers 2020。 MedinaRam243。n and Schwartz 2020). The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4) has indicated that the frequency and intensity of these extreme weather events are projected to very likely increase globally in this century (IPCC2020a). It is further projected that climate change could induce elevated mortality/morbidity from heat waves, floods, and droughts as well as the heavy rainfallrelated flooding risks (IPCC 2020b). It is also expected that many of these risks may be felt at the local to regional scales. In light of these concerns at a local scale for the area of south–central Canada, Environment Canada has pleted several research projects to project changes in the frequency and intensity of future extreme weather events and their impacts. For example, a threeyear research project on climate change and human health was pleted for four cities (Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, and Windsor) in south–central Canada, in partnerships with Toronto Public Health, McMaster University, and the Public Health Agency of Canada. 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 46 This project, funded by the Health Policy Research Program of Health Canada, attempted to evaluate differential and bined impacts of extreme temperatures and air pollution on human mortality under current and future climates (Cheng et al. 2020a, b,2020a, b). Another threeyear research project investigated climate change and extreme rainfallrelated flooding risks in four river basins (Grand, Humber, Rideau, and Upper Thames) of southern Ontario, Canada. This project was led by Environment Canada and funded by the Government of Canada’s Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Program (CCIAP), in partnerships with Conservation Ontario, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and CGI Insurance Business, with the aim of projecting changes in the frequency and intensity of future daily heavy rainfall and high/lowstreamflow events (Cheng et al. 2020c, 2020, 2020a). Another study was pleted to project the possible impacts of climate change on freezing rain in 15 cites of south–central Canada, as shown in Fig. 1 (Cheng et al. 2020c, 2020b). While global climate models (GCMs) are an important tool in the