【導讀】塞環(huán)或活塞與缸套的工作表面出現拉傷、拉毛、拉成溝槽的現象。及缸套的壽命大為降低，使活塞與缸套咬死，造成發(fā)動機損壞。重要的指導意義。塞繼續(xù)運動時，兩表面熔蝕粘附點又被扯斷，產生拉缸。溫熔蝕粘附，形成拉缸。由于發(fā)動機溫度過高，使活塞膨脹量過大，消除配合間隙，造成拉缸。或損壞都會造成冷卻水內泄漏。散熱器遭腐蝕或破損，水管老化碰壞，水管接頭。另外，氣缸蓋本身鑄造有缺陷。嚴重事故，特別是工作過程因機油外漏，沒有及時發(fā)現，將產生嚴重后果。使發(fā)動機經常處于爆燃的狀況下運行。爆燃的高壓振動沖擊力超過了環(huán)的材料的。抗沖擊強度，引起活塞環(huán)折斷。其折斷一般發(fā)生在第一道環(huán)，其次是第二道環(huán)。，必須按規(guī)定檢查潤滑油，冷卻水是否符合規(guī)定，不足時需補足，油味說明進了柴油，潤滑油變質應查明原因，排除后更換潤滑油。好環(huán)后能自由活動，不得有卡滯現象。活塞放在60-80度的機油中加溫6小時，以消除應力，使活塞穩(wěn)定后再裝配使用。

　　

【正文】 . the event of unusual circumstances, such as low oil pressure, water temperature high, abnormal noise, etc., should be promptly removed, insisted on not sick job. 2. In the repair of assembly, it should be strict pliance with technical standards and process requirements A. For new ones to be used in parts one by one for testing the nonpliant parts cut out and can not believe that the new product is qualified product. B. Install cylinder, the cylinder should be flat, the pressure to the role of the middle of the cylinder, and slowly pressurized, do not use you install, testing, testing whether the cylinder and piston assembly clearance gap meet the required , the detection of piston ring and groove side clearance, backlash, piston ring end gap and piston pin hole with live seat assembly clearance pliance with regulatory requirements, check whether there are cracks as well as the piston ring elastic pliance requirements, install a goodCentral, can be freely, without catching the Ring Gap 3 .(terminal gaps, backlash, backlash) in check is the piston rod assembly of a focus group, in particular the endgap size is particularly important at the slightest mistake could result in pullcylinder, ring end gap of the inspection shouldcarried out according to process requirements, check the piston ring end gap of the process requirements are: the ring into the cylinder, the piston ring with the piston at the top of the roof into the cylinder where the top ring to the piston stroke measured at the smallest diameter, so thatmeasurement data are correct. 4. carefully check the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft installation position deviation, demand technical specifications that meet standards for . In the market to buy the piston, is hard to determine strengths and weaknesses, in the best preassembled to eliminate the stress treatment, about 6080 degrees on the piston heating oil in 6 hours, in order to eliminate the stress, so that after the piston assembly and stability. 5. install piston rings must be installed in every province, when a position where the can not be installed wrong, loaded trans, drain installation, pay attention to directions, twist ring round incision upward, cylindrical cut down, marked side facing up, at the same time, in the load cylinder must be clean and processing certain lubricants, each province should be required to stagger the ring I, ring opening with the first axis of the crankshaft at 45 degrees, the remaining openings in each province by 90 degrees, 180 degrees 11 to stagger. 6. assembly is pleted, must be approved by the thermal runin 15 hours or so, testing runin should be the first lowspeed operation, and then mediumspeed operation, should pay attention to noise, oil pressure, water temperature, etc., in determining no anomalies, and then put into short, as long as we grasp the cylinder caused by pulling the reasons for the scientific management and the proper use of and strictly abide by rules to implement preventive measures, we will be able to reduce and even avoid the occurrence of pullcylinder. References: [1] ZHANG Qingrong, Li machine repair school [M].Beijing: People39。s Communications Press, 1986. [2] Yan, Yu Xian bustion engine wear Reliability Technology [M].Beijing: People39。s Communications Press, 1992.