【正文】 loose and was hit by a car.(warming up,p1)=while you were walking the dog,……省略了walk 的邏輯主語you 和be 動(dòng)詞were, 以避免重復(fù)。While living in England, he picked up some English.=while he was living in England,….When asked about the secret of his success, he said that he owed it to his wife.=when he was asked about the ….用法拓展：當(dāng)連詞when, while, before, after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，可將從句中的主語和 be動(dòng)詞省去。While _________ through the park, we saw a fine flower show.A. walked B. walking C. walks D. being walkingWhen _________ from the hill, the buses look small.A. seen B. seeing C. see D. to see(B。 A, see和buses 構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而且是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。)2．Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feeling and thoughts? (reading p2)whom you could tell everything to在句中充當(dāng)定語，修飾先行詞friend, 其中 whom 在從句中作介詞 to 的賓語，（定語從句在第5單元中重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)）。The man who came yesterday is my a friend of mine. (who在從句中作主語)The man whom/ who you met yesterday is a friend of mine. (whom/ who 在從句作賓語)The poor man _______ lost his money just now is called john.A. what B. which C. who D. whom★The town ________ we visited last month is the one ________ the famous painter was born.A. where。 which B. which。 where。 C. in which。 that D. where。 where(C, 從句缺主語，先行詞是人，因此用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)； B. 空一定語從句中visit是及物動(dòng)詞缺少賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞that 或which來引導(dǎo)；空二從句中不缺少句子，因此用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)，where在從句中作狀語。3．I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend,….(reading p2)我不愿意像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬，我要把這本日記當(dāng)作我的朋友，…句中 as是連詞，意為“如同……那樣，像……一樣”，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)方式狀語從句。Please do it as I do. 請(qǐng)照我的樣子做這件事。Leave it as it is .請(qǐng)保持原狀，不要?jiǎng)铀?. …I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (reading P2) ……so… that…如此……以至于…（狀語從句）用法拓展： （1）so +adj./adv.+ that 。 so +adj. a(n) +n.+ that(2) such +adj. +n.(〖U〗+ that 。 such +a(n) +adj. +n. +that(3) so /such … as 如此……(定語從句)He is such an honest boy that we all like him.=he is so honest a boy that we all like him.=He is so honest a boy as we all like.Mary is ________ clever _______ she understands everything.A. such a 。 that B. such an 。 that C. so 。 that D. so 。 as(C)5. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (reading p2)(1)well= quite, much thoroughly非常，徹底，完全(2)句式一：I can well remember that…(賓語從句)句式二：there was a time when…（when為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面先行詞a time）★(3)could never have done 結(jié)構(gòu)表示“對(duì)過去情況的否定推測”，其否定副詞never也可根據(jù)情況用not, hardly等此替換。用法拓展：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done”小結(jié)（1）must have done 對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測?！耙欢ā埃?）could have done 過去可能做卻未做?！氨緛砜梢宰觥保?）might / may have done 過去可能做了某事（可能性?。?。“可能已經(jīng)……”（4）would have done 過去愿意做某事卻不能做?！氨緛硐胍觥保?）shouldn’t oughtn’t to +have done 本來不該做卻做了。（6）should / ought to have done 應(yīng)該做某事卻沒做。（7）can’t / couldn’t have done 對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的否定推測?！耙欢]有……”（8）needn’t have done 過去沒有必要做卻做了。I met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he __________ your lecture.A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attendedC. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended(A. 根據(jù)意思，他那時(shí)不可能去聽講座。此句式對(duì)過去的否定推測，用 couldn’t have done)I didn’t go to see our former teacher while in Wuhan.But I think you _________.A. should B. should have C. could have D. must(B, 根據(jù)上下句意表責(zé)備，因此用should have done 結(jié)構(gòu)。注意此處 have 不能省，是對(duì)過去的虛擬)6．…it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face ….(reading p2)這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚….句式：it / this / that +is(was) +the first /the second /….time that …“某人第一次/二次/……次做某事。注意從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)。Is與has /have 對(duì)應(yīng)；was 與 had done對(duì)應(yīng)。It is the second time that john has held an art exhibition.It was the third time that she had e to this mountain village to see the children. do you know our town at all? no, this is the first time I ________ here.A. had e B. am ing C. came D. have e(D)