【正文】 hout the US.B.Those skilled at Chinese will be the most petitive in the future.C.The US government39。s policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.D.Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national security.（4）What does the author mainly talk about in this passage? A.The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.B.The great benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.C.The influence of China39。s growing power on American education.D.The effect of Confucius Institutes in promoting Mandarin in the US.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，以一個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷為例來(lái)講述隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，普通話在美國(guó)校園很流行，這是中國(guó)在世界舞臺(tái)上地位上升的一個(gè)反映。許多美國(guó)學(xué)生認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)中文能夠在今后職業(yè)發(fā)展的道路上有所幫助，美國(guó)政府對(duì)中文的重視也促使更多的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中文。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“While it39。s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study puter engineering, thinks it will be important for his career.”可知，Thomas希望中文能夠在他今后職業(yè)發(fā)展的道路上對(duì)他有所幫助。故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)本句句意可知，漢語(yǔ)是一門(mén)全世界10億人說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言，專家認(rèn)為掌握了它的人會(huì)在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中有優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“She said the US government has designated (指定) Mandarin as an important needs language and provides professional development programs for teachers. ”可知，美國(guó)政府的政策促進(jìn)了普通話在美國(guó)的普及，故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文，主要介紹了美國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中文熱情升溫的現(xiàn)象，分析了出現(xiàn)該現(xiàn)象的背景和原因，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It bees a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often bees the fort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage（傳統(tǒng)）through our culture39。s food but also bee more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.（1）What39。s the function of food mentioned in the article? A.To help motivate homesickness.B.To show national identity.C.To reflect a country39。s history.D.To show a munity39。s superiority.（2）What does the underlined it in Paragraph2 refer to? A.The specific traditional food.B.The national culture.C.A traditional expression of food.D.The oldfashioned taste.（3）Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A.To attach cultural importance to their dishes.B.To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.C.To make the dishes popular among customers.D.To present their own food culture in a new way.（4）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards different food cultures? A.Negative.B.Balanced.C.Unfair.D.Unchangeable.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者從食物與文化的關(guān)系的角度表達(dá)了自己的看法，作者認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的重要組成部分，它也是一種文化身份的表達(dá)，食物是了解文化的窗口。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. ”可知文中提到食物是一種文化身份的表達(dá)，故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”可知，此句中it代指民族文化，句意為：移民們把它帶到任何地方，它是他們的文化自豪感的象征，也是應(yīng)對(duì)思鄉(xiāng)之情的手段。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. ”可知，一些移民不得不改變他們餐館原有的菜肴是為了迎合不同的顧客。故選C。 （4）考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We should embrace our heritage（傳統(tǒng)）through our culture39。s food but also bee more informed about other cultures by trying their food. ”可知，我們應(yīng)該通過(guò)我們的文化食物來(lái)接受我們的文化遺產(chǎn)，但也應(yīng)該通過(guò)品嘗其他文化的食物來(lái)了解其他文化，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Back in 2009, China was wrongly accused by the West of controlling the Copenhagen talks on climate change. By then China had truly carried out strict policies to reduce the energy consumption of economic activities and at the international level, the top Chinese leaders participated in roundclock efforts to cooperate with the major players to build a united front for efforts to solve global warming. But China was finally misjudged. This misjudgment caused China39。s scholars to rethink China39。s climate change municative ways. Among them was Zheng Baowei, journalism professor of Renmin University of China, who realized China had to better shape its munication on its environmental protection. Delightfully, the efforts have paid off. Zheng set up a toplevel international group advising his research te