【正文】 of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary. Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the New Journalism. I39。ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable, he said. The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa. When Tom Wolfe39。s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards, says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. Wolfe didn39。t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people. Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them. In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America39。s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. The Right Stuff was the book for me, says Grossman. It reminded me, in case I39。d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place. In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase pushing the envelope. In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as The 39。Me39。 Decade. Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate. He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality, Grossman says. He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right. All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.（1）The New Journalism is a style of journalism that . A.changes its news writing techniques frequentlyB.popularizes new American idioms in a literary wayC.bines novelistic techniques with traditional reportingD.reports various news events from a theoretical perspective（2）It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff . A.is a film directed by Lev GrossmanB.is an influential book by Tom WolfeC.accounts for popular American phrasesD.deals with incredible places in the world（3）According to the passage, Tom Wolfe . A.was good at reporting news from a realistic perspectiveB.preferred making claims about events to writing booksC.was fond of menting on other people39。s thoughtsD.liked analyzing social problems from the outside（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase CoinerB.Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and NovelistC.Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in LiteratureD.Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了Tom Wolfe，一位富有創(chuàng)新的記者和作家。他將小說技巧與傳統(tǒng)報(bào)道相結(jié)合創(chuàng)造出了一種非虛構(gòu)文學(xué)風(fēng)格，被稱為新新聞。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the ‘New Journalism.’‘I39。ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,’可知他將小說和非小說的技巧結(jié)合形成了一種新的文體。即新新聞是一種將小說手法與傳統(tǒng)報(bào)道相結(jié)合的新聞文體，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。倒數(shù)第二段中的“In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase ’pushing the envelope.’In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as ‘The 39。Me39。 Decade.’可知在The Right Stuff書中，Wolfe普及了短語推信封。在紐約雜志的一篇文章中，Wolfe將20世紀(jì)70年代描述為自我的十年。即可知The Right Stuff是Tom Wolfe寫的一本很有影響力的書，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,可知Tom Wolfe是一個(gè)非常有說服力的觀察者，他不害怕對現(xiàn)實(shí)中正在發(fā)生的事情做出強(qiáng)有力的斷言。即Tom Wolfe善于從現(xiàn)實(shí)的角度報(bào)道新聞，故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容為介紹了發(fā)明了新新聞文體的Tom Wolfe，他是一位創(chuàng)新的記者和作家。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The bestknown example of external( 外部的)influence causing language change is the Americanization of world culture, which has caused English words to appear in city streets all over the world. The effect is most noticeable in pop music. Foreign groups often record in English, and the words are picked up and repeated in the same language everywhere, even by children who otherwise have little or no mand of the language. I once met a Brazilian child of about ten who could count 39。one, two, three39。, but only by adding the words 39。o39。clock, four o39。clock rock 39。at the end. Some people are often strongly critical of the influence of English on their language especially when an English word replaces a traditional word. In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of English words in official situations if an equivalent( 意義相同的)French expression existed but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaking than in the observing. Some other countries have considered introducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect, and that the arrival of loan words( 外來詞) can greatly enrich a language (as indeed in the case of English itself, which has a long history of weling foreign words). However, not everyone is critical. In particular, mercial firms and advertisers are well aware of the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring. In Japan, English is even used in television mercials, despite the fact that the majority of viewers would not understand exactly what was being said: the excellence implied by the mere use of English is apparently enough to mand the strategy to the advertisers. Most of the influence of English is upon the vocabulary of foreign languages, but surveys are slowly bringing to light several cases where word order or word structure has been affected. Sentences of the type “The book sells well”, using an active construction for a passive meaning, have begun to appear in Danish (Bogen soelger godt). Several languages keep the English plural ending when they make use of a loan word, and do not translate it into the native form, . drinks. There are many other such cases.（1）Why could the Brazilian child speak 39。one, two, three39。 in English? A.Because he had seen these words everywh