【正文】 sed by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures. We do not yet know the mechanisms(機制)involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected, the researchers said. Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can39。t yet quantify. The change is big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures are enough to make retiles (爬行動物)smaller. An increase of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism(新陳代謝). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growing. Warmblooded animals aren39。t immune(免除)from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaken And polar bears are smaller, pared with historical records. This is not the first time this has happened in Earth39。s history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change. The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.（1）What does the text mainly talk about? A.Why some species bee smaller.B.How climate changes in Earth39。s history?C.Climate change has many negative effects.D.Species are being smaller as climate gets warmer.（2）The underlined word trumped m the first paragraph probably mean_________. A.strengthenedB.gainedC.beatenD.equaled（3）Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that________. A.they have found the exact causes for creatures getting smallerB.all the animals on the earth have bee smallerC.climate change has more negative effects on warmblooded animalsD.increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting smaller（4）What does the author feel about the climate change? A.DisappointedB.OptimisticC.WorriedD.Shameful【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了氣候變暖導(dǎo)致許多生物個體變小這一現(xiàn)象，氣候變化已對浮游生物產(chǎn)生了有害影響，人類需要盡快采取措施。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”可知科學(xué)家原來以為二氧化碳的增加會導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種反而變小。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide” 可知科學(xué)家原來以為二氧化碳的增加會導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種變小?？芍獨夂虻淖兓驍×硕趸紟淼挠绊憽９省癰eat”與該詞同義。選C。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.”可知大量使用的能源導(dǎo)致物種體型變小。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.”可知作者擔(dān)心現(xiàn)代氣候變化的速度太快導(dǎo)致有機體無法迅速做出回應(yīng)?？芍髡邔夂蜃兓軗?dān)心。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British pany Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the pany39。s main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle. The pany is testing a fullsize prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a fullsize prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack is built around safety from the start. In his words, “Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car. The Jetpack uses a gasolinepowered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot, he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike . A.can hardly get in and out of small spaces quicklyB.can fly for over 30 minutes, up to l, 000 meters highC.has been used by the police and emergency rescue teamsD.can be transported quickly