【正文】 for creatures getting smallerB.all the animals on the earth have bee smallerC.climate change has more negative effects on warmblooded animalsD.increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting smaller（4）What does the author feel about the climate change? A.DisappointedB.OptimisticC.WorriedD.Shameful【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了氣候變暖導(dǎo)致許多生物個(gè)體變小這一現(xiàn)象，氣候變化已對(duì)浮游生物產(chǎn)生了有害影響，人類(lèi)需要盡快采取措施。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”可知科學(xué)家原來(lái)以為二氧化碳的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種反而變小。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide” 可知科學(xué)家原來(lái)以為二氧化碳的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種變小?？芍?dú)夂虻淖兓驍×硕趸紟?lái)的影響。故“beat”與該詞同義。選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.”可知大量使用的能源導(dǎo)致物種體型變小。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.”可知作者擔(dān)心現(xiàn)代氣候變化的速度太快導(dǎo)致有機(jī)體無(wú)法迅速做出回應(yīng)?？芍髡邔?duì)氣候變化很擔(dān)心。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos. Ethos is a speaker39。s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, you39。re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. Pathos is a speaker39。s way of connecting with an audience39。s emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”. Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a mercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.（1）What is the purpose of persuasion? A.To advise somebody to support you.B.To help someone have special skills.C.To convince somebody to realize his aim.D.To talk someone into being honest.（2）What is a speaker39。s way of convincing the audience to trust him? A.Pathos.B.Ethos.C.Logos.D.Education.（3）What do a politician and an animal charity have in mon? A.Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B.Both save people from terrible wars.C.Both make the audience support them.D.Both persuade people to donate money.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Convince the AudienceB.Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC.Believe MeD.Strength of Persuasion【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)服是一種說(shuō)服某人同意你的藝術(shù)，有三種基本的說(shuō)服方法：精神氣質(zhì)，悲情和理性。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish.”可知說(shuō)服的目的是勸告一些人贊成你，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ethos is a speaker39。s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.”可知說(shuō)話者可以通過(guò)介紹自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及自己在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域所受的教育，也就是Ethos，來(lái)讓聽(tīng)眾相信他，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Pathos is a speaker39。s way of connecting with an audience39。s emotions.”可知一位政治家和一個(gè)動(dòng)物慈善團(tuán)體的共同之處就是讓聽(tīng)眾支持他們，故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)主題句“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.”可知這篇文章主要介紹了勸說(shuō)的三個(gè)基本方法，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇生活類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 A fiveyearold dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck. The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year39。s Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (襯褲), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around 4℃. After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance. I was