【正文】
l predicted that by2050,the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________(increase)the chance of accidents.【答案】 to deal;are;a;who;typically;additional;started;Their;to;increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,一項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測(cè),到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將會(huì)太熱而無(wú)法舉行這樣的比賽。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將因天氣太熱而無(wú)法舉辦此類賽事。too…to…固定句式,“太.....而不能.....”,故填to deal。 (2)考查主謂一致。句意:現(xiàn)在不僅是奧運(yùn)會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)。本句the Olympics后面接的是定語(yǔ)從句,并且the Olympics在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主語(yǔ)保持一致,用復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 (3)考查冠詞。句意:“隨著全球氣候持續(xù)變暖,冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界正在發(fā)生變化,”加拿大的一個(gè)氣候變化研究員,丹尼爾斯科特說(shuō)。本句中氣候變化研究員為單數(shù),應(yīng)用冠詞a修飾,表示泛指一個(gè),故填a。 (4)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一組研究人員,他們用數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情況會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化??蘸鬄榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句,先行詞為a team of researchers,指人,在從句中做主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who,故填who。 (5)考查副詞。句意:2月是冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉行的典型月份??罩械脑~用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are played做狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用副詞,故填typically。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:斯科特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)預(yù)測(cè)了已經(jīng)舉辦冬奧會(huì)的19個(gè)城市的氣溫和積雪,以及另外兩個(gè)城市:韓國(guó)平昌,和中國(guó)北京,2022年冬奧會(huì)將在那里舉行。此處用來(lái)修飾名詞cities作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞,故填additional。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:斯科特的研究小組開(kāi)始研究了歷史上的冬季情況,然后使用計(jì)算機(jī)模型來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的情況??罩械脑~和used做并列謂語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致,都用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填started。 (8)考查代詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測(cè)到2050年??罩械脑~用來(lái)修飾名詞作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞,故填their。 (9)考查介詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測(cè)到2050年。根據(jù)句意可知是“到”,故填to。 (10)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這些溫度會(huì)影響雪的質(zhì)量,從而增加發(fā)生事故的機(jī)會(huì)。此處作狀語(yǔ),同它的邏輯主語(yǔ)these temperatures之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填increasing。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主謂一致,冠詞,定語(yǔ)從句,副詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài),代詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。 11.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ________ (early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ________ (spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ________ (say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ________ (match) were often held inside the imperial palace. Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of wellorganized Cuju leagues in Chang39。an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide. Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.【答案】 earliest;spread;is/was said;matches;in/during;which;It;gradually;professional;living 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了足球的歷史。蹴鞠大約是在公元前500年在中國(guó)發(fā)展起來(lái)的,當(dāng)時(shí)用的是皮球。它被國(guó)際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。漢代,蹴鞠的普及從軍隊(duì)傳到宮廷和上層社會(huì)。據(jù)說(shuō)南武帝很喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。蹴鞠比賽常在皇宮內(nèi)舉行。唐代得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,并逐漸在世界范圍內(nèi)流行。宋代的蹴鞠運(yùn)動(dòng)最為發(fā)達(dá)。 (1)考查形容詞。句意:公元前500年左右,中國(guó)發(fā)明了蹴鞠,當(dāng)時(shí)用的是皮球。它被國(guó)際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式,故要用最高級(jí),填earliest。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:漢代,蹴鞠的流行從軍隊(duì)傳播到宮廷和上層社會(huì)。分析句子可知,本空是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,其中的主語(yǔ)是蹴鞠,與動(dòng)詞spread二者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,此處的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是“漢代”,要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填spread。 (3)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:據(jù)說(shuō)南朝武帝很喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, “南朝武帝很喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”,既可以是現(xiàn)在大家說(shuō)的,也可以是過(guò)去說(shuō)的,所以既可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),又可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。此處是主語(yǔ)從句,其中的it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。主語(yǔ)從句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”與動(dòng)詞said是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,是被說(shuō),因此要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填is/was said。 (4)考查名詞。句意:蹴鞠比賽常在故宮內(nèi)舉行。根據(jù)本句國(guó)的副詞“often”可知 “蹴鞠比賽”不指一次,有許多次,可數(shù)名詞match要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填matches。 (5)考查介詞。句意:蹴鞠運(yùn)動(dòng)在唐代得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可指蹴鞠運(yùn)動(dòng)在唐代得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。此時(shí)可用“in/during”,故填in/during 。 (6)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:在當(dāng)時(shí)的帝國(guó)首都長(zhǎng)安,有幾十個(gè)組織良好的蹴鞠聯(lián)盟。分析句子可知,本句是定語(yǔ)從句,其中的Chang39。an是先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),指物,要用which,故填which。 (7)考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意:在這個(gè)時(shí)代,韓國(guó)和日本也有類似的游戲。分析句子可知,本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“it is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that +剩余部分”,句強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)during this age,去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填I(lǐng)t。 (8)考查副詞。句意:也就是在這個(gè)時(shí)期,類似的游戲在韓國(guó)和日本開(kāi)始流行,并逐漸在世界范圍內(nèi)流行??崭裉幵诰渲行揎椄痹~worldwide,修飾副詞要用副詞,故填gradually。 (9)考查形容詞。句意:當(dāng)時(shí),職業(yè)的蹴鞠運(yùn)動(dòng)員頗受歡迎。分析句子可知,本空格在句中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞Cuju players,修飾名詞要用形容詞,故填professional。 (10)考查固定搭配。句意:一組是由皇家宮廷訓(xùn)練和表演的,另一組是以蹴鞠為生的有才華的平民運(yùn)動(dòng)員。make a living,固定短語(yǔ),“以......為生”。故填living。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),名詞,介詞,定語(yǔ)從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,副詞以及固定搭配等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。12.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Despite many laws and national parks to protect tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still hunted. ________(sad), tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers ________ (leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of ________(die) out in the wild. There are many reasons ________ this, like habitat loss and hunting. Over the years, a number of steps ________ (take) to help preserve the tiger population. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) protects wildlife and habitats. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting ________great variety of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2010, WCS started Tigers Forever, ________ aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years. To achieve their goals, they are working together with governments and other________(organize) which are willing to take strong and effective measures to protect tigers and other wild species Right now the tiger population ________(increase) under this program in India and in Far East Russia. Thanks to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a chance of survival in their ________ (nature) environments and not just in zoos years.【答案】 Sadly;left;dying;for;have been taken;a;whose;organizations;is increasing;natural 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,盡管有法律保護(hù),也有自然公園,但老虎的棲息地還是不斷被破壞,老虎依然遭到獵捕,老虎成了世界上最瀕危物種之一。幸運(yùn)的是,野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)正在致力于保護(hù)它們。 (1)考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子,作狀語(yǔ),故填Sadly。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。tigers和leave之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),填left。 (3)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),故填dying。 (4)考查介詞。reason for固定短語(yǔ),“……的原因”,故填for。 (5)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)over the years判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),steps和take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),故填have been taken。 (6)考查冠詞。a variety of固定短語(yǔ),“大量”,由great是輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故填a。 (7)考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,先行詞WCS started Tigers Forever在從句中充當(dāng)形容詞,故用關(guān)系代詞whose,填whose。