【正文】 o.（1）Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs? serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland. were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud. are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought. help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.（2）The new information about Greenland is important because______________. have no idea how to measure Greenland39。s warming speed can help researchers better predict Greenland39。s response to warming should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with manmade global warming（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? is easier for today39。s scientists to find ancient lake deposits. are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today. measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud. holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage? Used to Be Much Greener Once Experienced Warm Periods Cities Warned of Coming Disasters Greenland, A Perfect Destination【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在古代沉積物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一條微小線索揭開了格陵蘭島過去和未來氣候的大秘密。就在廣闊的格陵蘭冰原的西北邊緣，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了在最后一個冰河時代幸存下來的湖泥?，F(xiàn)在研究人員認為，格陵蘭北部的冰蓋經(jīng)歷了比之前認為的更強烈的變暖。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“The mud, and remains of mon flies in it, record two interglacial periods（間冰期）in northwest Greenland.”在格陵蘭島西北部，泥漿和常見蒼蠅的殘骸記錄了兩次間冰期；以及第二段中的“Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. ”盡管研究人員很早就知道這兩個時期——全新世早期和最后一次間冰期——在北極經(jīng)歷了變暖，但混合的蠅類表明格陵蘭島甚至比之前認為的還要熱?？芍?，在前兩段中提到蒼蠅的殘骸是為了證明格陵蘭島的溫度比之前認為的要高得多。故選C。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland39。s sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. ”可知，這些新信息可以幫助研究人員更好地測量格陵蘭島對氣候變暖的敏感性。故選B。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. ‘Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,’” 可知，格陵蘭島覆蓋了這個北極國家的80%，擁有相當于全球海平面20英尺的冰?！案窳晏m西北部可能真的感覺很遙遠，但冰蓋的變化將關(guān)系到世界上每個沿海城市的每個人?！惫蔬xD。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文通過最新的發(fā)現(xiàn)——最后一個冰河時代幸存下來的湖泥及湖泥中的蒼蠅殘骸及其相關(guān)研究說明格陵蘭島之前可能更暖和。因此，本文的最佳標題應(yīng)為“格陵蘭島曾經(jīng)更加綠色”。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you39。re being eaten alive within minutes of stepping outdoors. If this is you, you39。re not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes39。 mouths water? A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can39。t tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆蟲學) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it39。s not plicated. The two most important reasons a mosquito is attracted to you have to do with sight and smell. Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻擊對象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. That39。s why you monly find them in crowded streets and parks. Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations (濃度). As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time – generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. This is why kids don39。t get bitten as much ... as adults, US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert. This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren39。t pregnant. In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes. According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (視覺), people wearing dark colors are more likely to bee targets. Being bitten by mosquitoes is annoying, but don39。t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists remend that we use insect repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) and wear lightcolored clothing.（1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article? seeking out bright clothes. identifying different blood types. sensing an increase of carbon dioxide. following bigger crowds.（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes? larger size helps mosquitoes to see them. breathe out more CO2. are more likely to sweat. body temperatures are higher.（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes? regularly. lightcolored clothing. your skin dry and clean. indoors in the evening.（4）What39。s the article mainly about? new finding about mosquitoes. people can avoid mosquito bites. popular myth about mosquitoes. some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么有些人可以整個夏天坐在戶外乘涼卻不被蚊子叮咬，而有些人一出門就好像要被蚊子吃掉一樣。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. ”飛的時候，它們用嗅覺發(fā)現(xiàn)目標。它們通過聞人和動物呼出的二氧化碳來鎖定目標；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子開始飛向有二氧化碳的地方，當它