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【英語】高一英語閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)真題匯編(含答案)含解析-資料下載頁

2025-03-31 04:27本頁面
  

【正文】 。D.Serious.【答案】 (1)B(2)A(3)B(4)C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,畢克筆的筆帽上有一個小孔是為了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。這真是粗心使用者的生命通道。 (1)考查推理判斷。畢克筆的筆帽上留一個小孔的原因,且這個問題會被偶爾問到,就像如果你用核武器攻擊黃石公園會發(fā)生什么事這個問題一樣,作者是在舉例證明他的觀點,故選B。 (2)考查詞義猜測。此處意為當使用者不慎把筆帽吞下時,筆帽上的小孔就是為了阻止筆帽完全阻塞氣管而引起窒息,故選A。 (3)考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性筆), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.可知,舉行書寫測試的目的是為了確保筆能夠達到最高的標準,故選B。 (4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的Some things should just be mon knowledge by now. The Earth isn39。t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don39。t grow after you die. 和第三段中的That39。s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers等作者的行文措辭可知,作者筆調(diào)輕松幽默,故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解,詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查,是一篇科普類閱讀,考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息,并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理,從而選出正確答案。7.閱讀理解 NASA has a new job listing, and it39。s no joke. The US space agency is looking for a joker to join their planned mission to Mars. A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a munications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens. When you39。re living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur, Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian. This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together, Johnson said. In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying. There are other examples of team clowns. One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen39。s team, was a clown. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team. But if you39。re hoping that your favorite TV edian will fly to Mars, that probably won39。t happen. Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job, Johnson said. They also need to be an excellent engineer. Besides, they must be in top physical condition.(1)What is NASA39。s new job listing? A.A funny engineer.B.A talented clown.C.A good cook.D.A popular edian.(2)What does a confined space in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.a full spaceB.an empty spaceC.an open spaceD.a small space.(3)How does the author think humor can help astronauts? A.It can stop them from feeling bored.B.It can promote teamwork on a mission.C.It can make them feel less homesick.D.It can help them know themselves better.(4)What39。s the author39。s purpose of giving the example of the cook? A.To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.B.To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.C.To make the point that humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations.D.To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.【答案】 (1)A(2)D(3)B(4)C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,由美國宇航局尋找一位幽默的工程師來和宇航員一起執(zhí)行航天任務介紹了幽默對宇航員的重要作用。 (1)考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job,’ Johnson said. ‘They also need to be an excellent engineer.’”可知,美國宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程師,故選A。 (2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”可知,與在地球上生活的寬廣空間不同,在火星任務中,你需要和其他人一起在狹小的航天器內(nèi)生活很長一段時間,由此可知畫線詞詞義為“狹小的空間、有限的空間”,故選D。 (3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“These are. people that have the ability to pull everyone together,”可知,幽默的人有能力把每個人都團結(jié)在一起,也就是說幽默能夠促進宇航員在任務中的團隊合作,故選B。 (4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress.”可知,在壓力大的情況下,幽默是一種減壓的方式,第六段第一句話又說有很多團隊小丑的例子,緊接著舉廚師的例子就是為了證明這一點,即:幽默的人能使人在困難的情況下振作起來,故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解,詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息,同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進行分析,推理,從而選出正確答案。8.閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 Are you afraid of sharks? What about snakes or spiders? Put those fears aside: because in the . you39。re far more likely to be killed or injured by a deer skipping across the road. Deer cause more than 200 humans deaths each year, plus some 29, 000 injuries, all because of million collisions between vehicles and deer. Most incidents occur in the eastern ., where deer prosper without natural predators like wolves and mountain lions. That39。s the region in the . where deervehicle collisions are such a problem, and where it seems like an effective large carnivore reintroduction could make a really big difference. says wildlife biologist Laura Prugh from University of Washington. She thinks it would help to reintroduce predators like mountain lions, also known as cougars, pumas or panthers, to parts of their historic range from which they39。ve been driven out. The researchers say that bringing the predators back to the eastern . would mean 22 percent fewer collisions between cars and deer over three decades. Each year would see five fewer human deaths, 680 fewer injuries and a savings of some 550 million. Sophie L. Gilbert thinks there are great socioeconomic benefits of large predator restoration through reduced wildlifevehicle collisions and she says, says, Cougars have shown that they can coexist in short distance with people, with very few conflicts, in a lot of areas out west. Still, some folks might be understandably nervous about this kind of plan. After all, reintroducing predators doesn39。t e without risks to pets and to livestock, and very occasionally to people. Our fear of large predators is so natural and intense that I don39。t think it39。s possible to just pletely cle
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