【正文】 ore benefit to humanity than the unknown person who invented the first really fortable shoe? Try thinking great thoughts when your feet hurt.”可知第一個(gè)發(fā)明舒適的鞋的未知人的重要性。作者以此來印證普通人和普通人的想法的重要性。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“According to historian Catherine Gallagher, the potato was once a matter of great argument. ”以及“ It seems that European socialism started with an argument about vegetables.” 可知作者在文中提到了potato,而恰恰是對(duì)potato的討論帶來了社會(huì)的變革。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“It is all because of dentistry, he says. Once people were able to look after their teeth, they began to smile and the world became a happier place”可推斷當(dāng)人們會(huì)照料自己的牙齒的時(shí)候,人們才敢笑,這表明在此之前人不敢笑,是因?yàn)樗麄兊难例X很糟糕。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主題為The importance of the ordinary in history,（歷史中普通人的重要性）各段落緊扣主題內(nèi)容,論證了作者在本文中的觀點(diǎn)普通人是很重要的。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 A decade ago, colored lights danced around the living room on New Year39。s Eve and happy music was played. Upstairs, the children were asleep. But I wasn39。t feeling happy. In midDecember, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die. He had less than a year left, the doctors said. In the years since that painful season, I have e to look back upon New Year39。s Eve as an ending and a beginning. New Year39。s Eve brings a halt to the endless mitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect. New Year39。s Eve is full of possibility and anticipation. What will be the surprising experiences and delightful successes in the ing year? But also, what disappointments are waiting for us in the next twelve months? In many ways, New Year39。s Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition(過渡) that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It39。s about letting go of the familiar and diving headlong (迅猛地) into the unfamiliar. Just as, back then, I had to face letting go of the life I had led with my beloved husband and stepping into a new world as a widowed mom. I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead. Last year at this time, I sat in a chair in southern France and drank in the stillness(沉靜) and beauty of the countryside around me. The three children and I had brought into this world talked and laughed around the table beside me as we enjoyed a lunch of bread and cheese. I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing(熱情洋溢的) heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness this holiday season.（1）What does the underlined word halt in Paragraph 2 mean most probably? A.Stop.B.Beginning.C.Meaning.D.Tradition.（2）What39。s the main cause of the author39。s unhappiness on New Year39。s Eve a decade before? A.The pressure she faced in her work.B.The health problem her husband faced.C.The information received from her family.D.The relationship between her and her husband.（3）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards the thing people should do at New Year? A.Set challenging goals for the next year.B.Break with daily routines and form a new habit.C.Spend more time with family members.D.Think about the past and get ready for the future.（4）What39。s the main purpose of writing the passage? A.To memorialize her husband.B.To show how she got through a hard time.C.To share her view of New Year39。s Eve.D.To remind us that uncertainty is part of life.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文主要論述了作者對(duì)于新年夜的看法，作者認(rèn)為在新年應(yīng)該想想過去，為未來做好準(zhǔn)備。（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文In the years since that painful season, I have e to look back upon New Year39。s Eve as an ending and a beginning.（在那個(gè)痛苦的季節(jié)之后的這些年里，我開始把新年前夜看作一個(gè)結(jié)束和一個(gè)開始。）以及下文to the endless mitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect可知，新年前夜讓我們停止無休止的日常生活，也有了反思的機(jī)會(huì)。故可推測劃線部分單詞意思為停止。故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段But I wasn39。t feeling happy. In midDecember, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die.（但是我不開心。12月中旬，我和丈夫被告知，他得了癌癥，即將去世。）可知，作者在十年前新年前夜不開心的主要原因是她丈夫面臨的健康問題。故選B。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)，每一年我都必須走出即將結(jié)束的已經(jīng)適應(yīng)一年的自己的版本，輕松地進(jìn)入我將為未來的一年實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)的版本。）可知，作者認(rèn)為人們在新年應(yīng)該想想過去，為未來做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D。 （4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容可知，作者分享自己的經(jīng)歷和對(duì)新年夜的看法，故推知作者的寫作目的是為了分享自己對(duì)于新年夜的看法和觀點(diǎn)。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查學(xué)生對(duì)語篇的理解能力。通讀全文，把握文章主旨。理解題干，在原文找到對(duì)應(yīng)段或具體到對(duì)應(yīng)上下文，歸納總結(jié)答案。9．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 In China, chain restaurants especially the big multinational ones are cool. Going to Starbucks, for example, is a status symbol. It not only says, I39。m rich enough to buy this overpriced coffee, but also, I39。m cosmopolitan (見多識(shí)廣的) enough to be part of globalization. Where I e from in the UK, however, chains are neither fashionable nor gourmet (美食的). Chains are where you go on New Year39。s Day when nowhere else is open, or when you are 5 years old and your parents can39。t stand hearing, I39。m hungry! any longer. In my own case (with regards to McDonald39。s), a chain is where you are taken on your first date. Even at the age of 13, I knew to give the guy the let39。s just be friends phone call the next day. In the UK, independent cafes and restaurants are making a eback on the fashion scene. Nowadays, a Londoner who says let39。s meet for a coffee at Monmouth (an independent caf233。) is much cooler than one who says let39。s go to Starbucks. Even if Monmouth39。s coffee is a little more expensive, there39。s a satisfaction in knowing your pounds aren39。t going straight to the big corporations. Of course, there are chain stores all over the UK。 you can39。t go five minutes without spotting a Costa Coffee. But numbers do not add up to good taste. I do, however, have a confession (坦白). After moving to China I had moments when all the rice and Kung Pao Chicken became too much. I, too, have retreated to McDonald39。s.（1）Many Chinese people