【正文】 a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were required to clock in and out. But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. Turning an office into a prison, with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.（1）What can we learn from Paragraph2and Paragraph 3? A.Employees often have to work extra hours.B.Extra effort improves employees39。 productivity.C.996 model is well received around the world.D.Both bosses and employees are devoted to their jobs.（2）What does the underlined This in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Hoping to get a pay rise.B.Going home after the boss.C.Putting in maximum effort.D.Judging employees39。 performance.（3）Which of the following is one the results of longtime presenteeism? A.Reducing medical costs of employees.B.Making employees more hardworking.C.Increasing the petition among employees.D.Worsening employees39。 physical and mental condition.（4）What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A.Employees should be treated as prisoners.B.Productivity can39。t be measured by presenteeism now.C.Office tasks usually can39。t be carried out automatically.D.Office workers should be allowed to be absentminded.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文作者主要針對員工加班問題提出看法：長時間的加班不僅工作效率低下，還造成身體不適，想要提高效率，必須是身心俱在的狀態(tài)，不能只是形式上的出勤主義。 （1）推理判斷題。根據文章3段，第二段講的是馬云贊成996工作制，第三段講的是你努力讓自己看上去很忙。As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. 這說明員工往往要加班。故答案為A。 （2）詞義猜測題。對this所在段落進行三句讀。Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting inmaximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees39。 performance, use time in the office as a measure.（員工可能會覺得，如果他們沒有盡最大努力工作，就不會得到加薪或升職。這很容易與長時間工作混淆。經理們通常不善于判斷員工的表現，他們把在辦公室的時間作為衡量標準。）因此this指的是putting in maximum effort。故答案為C。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段我們可知后果是：人們即使在不舒服的時候也會去上班，會降低生產率，還會增加雇主的醫(yī)療費用。這些工人更容易遭受更大的痛苦和抑郁。故答案為D。 （4）推理判斷題。根據最后一段原文可知In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent 。To be productive you need presence of mind being present in the ，那就需要身心俱在，而不是單純的presenteeism。故答案為B。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題和詞義猜測題三種?？碱}型。細節(jié)理解題回歸原文找對應詞，推理判斷題結合上下文合理推斷，詞義猜測題，尤其是代詞，可向前搜尋，找最近的名詞驗證。8．閱讀理解 WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT CAR RENTAL IN CANADA When you fly into Canada you don39。t have many choices. A car is often the only way to reach the spectacular destinations which Canada is famous for. Most major car rental panies have offices at airports, towns and cities across the country. What do you need in order to rent a car in Canada? ● Valid Driver39。s license and International Driver39。s Permit if your license is not in English or French. ● When picking up your car, you may have to show your passport and a return airline ticket. ● Credit Card for the deposit—Renting a car in Canada without a credit card is impossible. FlyDrive Packages from Home You may get the best deal on car rental if you book a flydrive package from home or if you book a long time in advance. Rental coast varies to a great extent, depending on the time of year, type of vehicle and length of rental. Minimum Age The driver has to be at least 21 years old and have a minimum of 12 months of driving experience in order to rent a car in Canada. A Young Renter Fee will be applied to your car rental, if you are between the ages of 21 and 24 and will be charged on top of the rental rate. Insurance Most car rental panies in Canada offer a collision damage waiver (CDW) for an additional charge. Some credit card panies include CDW insurance on car rentals when you use their cards to pay for the rental. Check your credit card39。s terms and conditions. Fuel and Service Stations Most rental cars use unleaded gas. Remember, driving distances in Canada are long and a large amount of your vacation budget will go towards gasoline. Filling up in larger cities is usually cheaper than in small towns. If you are heading up to the Northwest Territories, gas prices will be much higher than in the south. CrossBorder Travel Some rental panies don39。t allow their cars to drive across borders, like from Canada to the US or across provinces. If this is the case, watch out。 GPS may be used to track your route.（1）You39。ll have to pay extra fees for your car rental in Canada if you . A.book a flydrive package from homeB.are 22 with oneyear driving experienceC.use a credit card offering CDW insuranceD.have no passport or return airline ticket（2）What are you encouraged to do when you rent a car in Canada? A.Use GPS to find your way.B.Provide a license in English.C.Fill up the car in large cities.D.Drive across borders to America.【答案】 （1）B（2）C 【解析】【分析】本文主要是告知人們在加拿大如何租車以及注意事項。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。根據原文可知A、C是可以省錢的，D則直接會導致無法租車，均排除。在原文Minimum Age下面的第二句話A Young Renter Fee will be applied to your car rental, if you are between the ages of 21 and 24 and will be charged on top of the rental ，如果年齡在2124歲間會額外收費，而要想租車的基本條件就是駕駛時間為12個月及以上，故選B。 （2）細節(jié)理解題。根據原文GPS會記錄你的行蹤因此不要開出邊界，排除A、D；要提供有效的駕駛證，如果駕照是非英語或法語的，要國際駕駛許可證，而不是讓你只能提供英語駕駛證，排除B。在原文倒數第四行Filling up in larger cities is usually cheaper than in small towns可知，在大城市加油會比小城鎮(zhèn)便宜，因此建議在大城市加油。故選C。 【點評