【正文】 In1935.D.In 1943.（2）What can be inferred about the WPA? A.It was made up of several ponents.B.It was President Roosevelt39。s favorite project.C.It played an important role during World War Ⅱ.D.It trained artists before sending them out to work.（3）How does the author mainly develop this text? A.By examples.B.By parison.C.Through a true story.D.Through a persuasive argument.（4）What39。s the main idea of the text? A.President Roosevelt designed the WPAB.The WPA helped relieve unemployment.C.WPA artists painted pictures in schools and libraries.D.The WPA produced many valuable and lasting works.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，大蕭條時期美國總統(tǒng)羅斯福實(shí)施新政時建立的一個政府機(jī)構(gòu) 公共事業(yè)振興署,以助解決當(dāng)時大規(guī)模的失業(yè)問題。此結(jié)構(gòu)的建立取得了顯著的成果,極大改善了當(dāng)時的社會狀況。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的The intention of the WPA, which functioned from 1935 to 1943,從1935到1943年這項(xiàng)機(jī)構(gòu)一直在起作用，可知,它是在1935開始實(shí)施的。故選C。 （2）考查推理判斷。文中沒有提到WPA是否是羅斯福最愛的政策,所以排除B項(xiàng)；文中只提到二戰(zhàn)時WPA的畫家被派去軍隊(duì)畫海報,沒有提到是否起重大重用,故排除C項(xiàng)；文中只提到事業(yè)的畫家創(chuàng)作美化美國的的作品,沒有提到給他們做培訓(xùn),故排除D項(xiàng)。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。第二段講述了WPA39。s Writers Project的相關(guān)情況,第三段講述了 Federal Arts Project的相關(guān)情況,所以推測處文章用列舉事實(shí)的方式來寫的。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的Many WPA artworks, including hundreds of small drawings picturing scenes of everyday life, still exist today.很多WPA時期的藝術(shù)作品,包括成千上萬的展示日常生活的畫作,至今保存完好，可知本文主要寫WPA時期的影響深淵的作品。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Ronald Reagan ever said, It39。s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance? To some extent, extra effort seems to be selfdefeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply. But that doesn39。t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the 996 model, where employees work from 9 . to 9 ., 6 days a week, as a huge blessing. Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主義) is the curse of the modern office worker. There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different pany, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. Some of this may be a selfcontinuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees39。 performance, use time in the office as a measure. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out s at odd hours are three of the bestknown tricks. After a while this can result in collective selfdelusion that this pretence is actual work. But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most mon in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in disfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were required to clock in and out. But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. Turning an office into a prison, with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.（1）What can we learn from Paragraph2and Paragraph 3? A.Employees often have to work extra hours.B.Extra effort improves employees39。 productivity.C.996 model is well received around the world.D.Both bosses and employees are devoted to their jobs.（2）What does the underlined This in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Hoping to get a pay rise.B.Going home after the boss.C.Putting in maximum effort.D.Judging employees39。 performance.（3）Which of the following is one the results of longtime presenteeism? A.Reducing medical costs of employees.B.Making employees more hardworking.C.Increasing the petition among employees.D.Worsening employees39。 physical and mental condition.（4）What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A.Employees should be treated as prisoners.B.Productivity can39。t be measured by presenteeism now.C.Office tasks usually can39。t be carried out automatically.D.Office workers should be allowed to be absentminded.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文作者主要針對員工加班問題提出看法：長時間的加班不僅工作效率低下，還造成身體不適，想要提高效率，必須是身心俱在的狀態(tài)，不能只是形式上的出勤主義。 （1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章3段，第二段講的是馬云贊成996工作制，第三段講的是你努力讓自己看上去很忙。As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. 這說明員工往往要加班。故答案為A。 （2）詞義猜測題。對this所在段落進(jìn)行三句讀。Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a p