【正文】 60。D.It is a camp where you can set your own pace（2）What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base? A.How to tell starboard from starlordB.How to choose camping equipmentC.How to use the stars for directionsD.How to make a boat on your own（3）In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days? A.Base Camp.B.Camp Raymond.C.Pamlico Sea Base.D.Tahosa High Adventure Base.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)精彩的夏令營活動。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Tahosa High Adventure Base部分中的“Choose your adventure: Go allinclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.”可知，Tahosa High Adventure Base是一個(gè)你可以設(shè)定自己節(jié)奏的營地。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Pamlico Sea Base部分中的“Set sail: Even if you don’t know the difference between starboard and starlord, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a firstrate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.”可知，在Pamlico Sea Base你能學(xué)到如何使用星星來指引方向。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Base Camp部分中的“Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.”可知，在冬天，孩子們可以在Base Camp營地里爬墻。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇廣告類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Recent summer temperatures in parts of Australia were high enough to melt asphalt. As global warming speeds up the heat and climatic events increase, many plants may be unable to cope. But at least one species of eucalyptus tree can resist extreme heat by continuing to “sweat” when other essential processes stop, a new study finds. As plants change sunlight into food, or photosynthesize (光合作用), they absorb carbon dioxide through pores on their leaves. These pores also release water via transpiration(蒸騰), which circulates nutrients through the plant and helps cool it by evaporation(蒸發(fā)). But exceptionally high temperatures are known to greatly reduce photosynthesis—and most existing plant models suggest this should also decrease transpiration, leaving trees in danger of fatally overheating. Because it is difficult for scientists to control and vary trees39。 conditions in their natural environment, little is known about how individual species handle this situation. Ecologist John Drake of the . College of Environmental Science and Forestry and his colleagues grew a dozen Parramatta red gum (Eucalyptus parramattensis) trees in large, climatecontrolled plastic pods that separated the trees from the surrounding forest for a year in Richmond, Australia. Six of the trees were grown at surrounding air temperatures and six at temperatures three degrees Celsius higher. The researchers withheld (扣留) water from the surface soil of all 12 trees for a month to imitate a mild dry spell, then induced a fourday “extreme” heat wave: They raised the maximum temperatures in half of the pods（three with surrounding temperatures and three of the warmer ones）— to 44 degrees ℃. Photosynthesis ground to a near halt in the trees facing the artificial heat wave. But to the researchers39。 surprise, these trees continued to transpire at closetonormal levels, effectively cooling themselves and their surroundings. The trees grown in warmer conditions coped just as well as the others, and photosynthesis rates bounced back to normal after the heat wave passed, Drake and his colleagues reported online in Global Change Biology. The researchers think the Parramatta red gums were able to effectively sweat — even without photosynthesis — because they are particularly good at tapping into water deep in the soil. But if a heat wave and a severe drought (干旱) were to hit at the same time and the groundwater was exhausted, the trees may not be so lucky, Drake says. Other scientists call the finding encouraging. “It39。s definitely good news,” says Trevor Keenan, an ecologist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, who was not part of the study. “It would be very interesting to know how this translates to other species,” he adds. Drake hopes to conduct similar experiments with trees mon in North America.（1）How does one species of eucalyptus tree cope with extreme heat waves? A.By releasing water.B.By blocking sunlight.C.By absorbing groundwater.D.By reducing photosynthesis.（2）What did the researchers do during their study? A.They grew all the trees in artificial temperatures.B.They induced a heat wave in a dozen pods of trees.C.They created climatecontrolled surroundings for trees.D.They varied trees39。 conditions in their natural environment.（3）The underlined phrase “ground to a near halt” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A.continuedB.substitutedC.strengthenedD.ceased（4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A.Photosynthesis is necessary for the trees to sweat.B.No further experiments will be done other species.C.Other species will be transplanted to North America.D.Groundwater helps the trees survive the extreme heat.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，聯(lián)合國環(huán)境科學(xué)與林業(yè)學(xué)院的生態(tài)學(xué)家John Drake和他的同事們通過對紅桉樹做實(shí)驗(yàn)，得出結(jié)論：在極度的高溫中，紅桉樹仍然可以通過釋放水分來抵抗熱浪，獲得生存。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But at least one species of eucalyptus tree can resist extreme heat by continuing to 39。sweat’”可知，桉樹通過“流汗”，即釋放水分來抵抗極度的熱，故