【正文】 ph 4 is mainly about________. A.the similarities between mammals and humansB.the necessity of longterm studies on mammalsC.a change in people39。s attitudes towards animalsD.a discovery of how animals express themselves（4）What might be the best title for the passage? A.The Inner Lives of Food AnimalsB.The Lifestyles of Food AnimalsC.Science Reports on Food AnimalsD.A Revolution in Food Animals【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章論述了我們?cè)瓉懋?dāng)作食物的動(dòng)物實(shí)際上也有情感有思想，它們有一定的分析推理能力。人類不應(yīng)只將它們當(dāng)作食物。（1）推理判斷題。由第二段中的“When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one”可知，當(dāng)解決問題時(shí)，母雞們會(huì)推理：例如，受過挑選彩色紐扣的訓(xùn)練的母雞們有時(shí)會(huì)選擇放棄即時(shí)的食物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，換取稍晚一些(而且更好)的食物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。由此可知，母雞們具備分析能力。故B選項(xiàng)正確。（2）推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O39。s. Then the team switched from reallife objects to Tshirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the Oshirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a twodimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.”可知，一些研究者拿著帶X標(biāo)記的木板，一些研究者拿著帶O標(biāo)記的木板，只有拿帶O標(biāo)記木板的研究者給豬提供食物，豬很快就只理會(huì)這些研究者了。當(dāng)木板換成帶X和O標(biāo)記的襯衫時(shí)，豬仍然只走向那些穿帶O標(biāo)記襯衫的研究者。這表明豬將把知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移到了二維的形式，這是一種相當(dāng)大的推理壯舉。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)正確。（3）段落大意題。由第四段中的“At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes outthink and outfeel other animals...Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social panions. Longterm studies…h(huán)elped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.”可知，數(shù)十年前，作者堅(jiān)信猴子和猩猩在思考能力和情感上都勝過其他的動(dòng)物。很快，作者就意識(shí)到除了猴子和猩猩，鯨魚也是文化學(xué)習(xí)的主人，大象也表現(xiàn)出高興等情感。長(zhǎng)期的研究也促進(jìn)著我們社會(huì)觀點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變：我們不再認(rèn)為猴子只能是實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，大象只能在馬戲團(tuán)里進(jìn)行表演，海豚只能被養(yǎng)在主題公園狹小的池子里。很明顯，本段介紹的是人們對(duì)動(dòng)物看法的轉(zhuǎn)變。故C選項(xiàng)正確。（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段提出：科學(xué)開始擁抱原來被我們認(rèn)為是二等公民的動(dòng)物們（即：我們對(duì)某些動(dòng)物的看法正在發(fā)生變化）。第二和第三段以母雞和豬為例告訴讀者：通過科學(xué)研究，母雞和豬也具備情感，也具備分析推理能力。第四段介紹了人們對(duì)動(dòng)物看法的轉(zhuǎn)變。第五和第六段呼吁讀者：動(dòng)物有自己的情感和思想，我們不要只將動(dòng)物當(dāng)成我們的食物。結(jié)合每段大意可知，該文主要是圍繞動(dòng)物也有情感有思想來展開的。故A選項(xiàng)適合做該文標(biāo)題。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】文章標(biāo)題解題技巧：（1）要在閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)考慮這句話或短語(yǔ)與文章主題是否有密切的聯(lián)系；（2）再看它對(duì)文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；（3）要注意題目是過大還是過??；（4）要避免下列三種錯(cuò)誤：①概括不夠（多表現(xiàn)為部分代整體，從而導(dǎo)致范圍太?。?；②過度概括（多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍）；③以事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)替代抽象具體的大意。8．閱讀理解Time:20170124 From: Editor: clover The head of China39。s largest online seller Alibaba does not think China and the United States will have a trade war despite ments from the Trump administration. Jack Ma is the chairman of the Alibaba Group. At the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos, Switzerland, he said, China and (the) . will never have a trade war. Give Trump some time. He39。s openminded, he39。s listening. The Chinese billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between the countries from getting worse. Last week, Ma met with Trump at the Trump Tower in New York City. The Chinese billionaire is said to have discussed a plan to permit one million small . businesses to sell goods on Alibaba39。s online shopping platform. During the campaign and after winning the presidential election, Trump strongly criticized the Chinese government39。s support for its businesses. He blamed unfair trade policies for taking away . jobs. And he said that China unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency, the yuan. Trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from China and other countries in response to their trade policies. According to the South China Morning Post, Ma said, American international panies made millions and millions of dollars from globalization. He added that the . should not blame the loss of jobs and panies on globalization. However, a new study by an American business group says many . businesses feel unwele in China. The panies say the cost of doing business in China is increasing. They add that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way. The American Chamber of Commerce in China led the study, which looked at responses from 462 panies. William Zarit is chairman of the chamber. He says trade policies in China make it difficult for American panies. He says, we feel that over the last few years that we39。ve been taken advantage of to some extent, with our open market and the lack of open areas in the Chinese market. Another major concern for . panies in China is fake products. Fake products are copies of the originals that cost businesses with the legal right to sell them millions of dollars each year. Ma defended Alibaba39。s efforts to fight fake products on its shopping platform. He said his pany is doing all it can to fight the problem. Fighting against fake products is a war against human greediness, Ma said. I39。m Mario Ritter.（1）The underline phrase “The Chinese billionaire” refers to ________.A.TrumpB.Jack MaC.Mario RitterD.Willian Zarit（2）The text likely take from the ________.A.economic magazineB.trade speechC.websiteD.global news（3）About this passage, the most suitable title is “________”.A.Chinese Billionaire Does Not See ChinaUS Trade WarB.The American international panies removed most tariffs on products traded between the and ChinaC.Group says American businesses in China concernedD.The war about fighting against fake products【答案】 （1）B（2）C