【正文】 hen there is the London congestion (擁擠) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region39。s rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.（1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A.By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week.B.By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday.C.By limiting the number of new cars.D.By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A.Raised the number of public vehicles.B.Offered free bus and subway rides.C.Introduced more travel options.D.Encouraged citizens to leave the city.（3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A.Alternateday rules.B.Tax rises.C.Congestion charge.D.The rainy season.（4）What39。s the best title for the passage? A.Mexico —an Island PlateauB.A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in MexicoC.Should Cities Be Carfree ZonesD.How to Improve Air Quality【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，墨西哥墨西哥政府為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，在實(shí)施車輛禁令時(shí)提供免費(fèi)巴士和地鐵。他們希望城市應(yīng)該是無車區(qū)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month.”可知，墨西哥是通過每周有一天禁止私人和聯(lián)邦車輛來禁止車輛進(jìn)入城市的。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The city ordered some of the area39。s cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.”可知，墨西哥政府在實(shí)施車輛禁令時(shí)提供免費(fèi)巴士和地鐵。故選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最中的“The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.”可知，擁擠費(fèi)有助于改善墨西哥的空氣質(zhì)量。故選D。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region39。s rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.”可知，城市應(yīng)該是無車區(qū)。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Durian(榴蓮) is probably the smelliest fruit in the world, letting out an unusual unpleasant smell which would make anyone bring up. However, nobody was aware of what gave this fruit its unique smell, so a team of researchers from Singapore decided to take a look at its genome (基因組) and find out, Durian is wellknown throughout Southeast Asia as the king of fruits, mostly because of its awful appearance and smell. However, the origin of this unpleasant smell was unknown, so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur pounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell. The fruit confuses everyone with a sulfuric smell, like rotten onions and ingredients. The smell lasts long, mostly because the fruit contains more volatile sulfur pounds. Other species usually benefit from two gene copies at most, but durian has four, leading to the striking smell. However, this smell might be an advantage for durian in the wild. Although we find it unpleasant, many animals might be attracted by it. If they eat the fruit, then they can easily spread its seeds everywhere, thus contributing to the distribution of the species. The mapping of the durian genome also showed some other information on the species. First of all, the fruit has an impressive number of genes, namely 46,000. Also, with the help of these genes, they saw how it evolved, and discovered it was related to the cacao tree. All the other discoveries have been published in the journal Nature Genetics. Despite the striking smell, many people actually enjoy eating the fruit. However, not all durian species are edible, and some of them may even cause damage to our health, Even so, the fruit is often imported, significantly contributing to the economy.（1）What give durian its unique smell? A.Onions nearby.B.Two gene copies.C.Rotten ingredients in it.D.Volatile sulfur pounds.（2）What does the underlined word “evolved” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Developed.B.Escaped.C.Predicted.D.Tolerated.（3）What can we infer from the text? A.No birds enjoy eating durian.B.Durian can be planted all over the world.C.Some of durian species can not be eaten.D.Durian has no relationship with the cacao tree.（4）What39。s the best title for the text? A.What39。s Durian?B.The Influence of the SmellC.The Distribution of DurianD.The Mystery of the Unpleasant Smell of Durian【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，新加坡的研究者找出導(dǎo)致水果有難聞氣味的原因就是水果中含有的揮發(fā)性硫化合物非?；钴S，這種氣味對于野外生存榴蓮來說有利于吸引動(dòng)物來吃這種水果，同時(shí)傳播種子。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur pounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell.”可知，研究人員找到一組基因——揮發(fā)性硫化合物（SouthType），在水果中非?；钴S，發(fā)現(xiàn)是它們導(dǎo)致了這種難聞的氣味。故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，研究者畫出了榴蓮的基因圖。通過基因圖，發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種水果的基因龐大，有46000條基因。在這些基因的幫助下，他們了解了榴蓮的基因如何演變的，并發(fā)現(xiàn)榴