【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ，1980。鄧炎昌、劉潤清《語言與文化》，北京：外語教學與研究出版社，1989。張培基等《英漢翻譯教程》，上海：上海外語教育出版社，1983。??5)簡要說明本文分五個部分。一、簡要介紹隱喻與語言以及語言與文化之間的關系，提出日常用語中隱喻的漢譯不可忽視文化背景，并且簡述本論文的主要內(nèi)容。二、重點論述隱喻在英語日常用語中存在的普遍性。四、討論隱喻的漢譯標準、難點、過程、基本方法以及根據(jù)語境而確定譯法的原則。五、詳述陳喻漢譯的方法和技巧，指出在翻譯實踐中，對每種方法的使用都不能走極端。結(jié)論部分，總結(jié)研究隱喻漢譯所具有的實用價值。March 15, 2010: Present opening report and mission reportMarch 31, 2010: Present the first draftApril 15, 2010: Present the second draft and the midterm inspection formApril 30, 2010: Present the third draftMay 1, 2010: Present the final versionMay 15, 2010: Adjust the format, bind together and prepare to reply第四篇：英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文開題報告下面是一篇英語論文的開題報告范文，雖然不是特別好，但也反應了開題報告的格式和寫法，有一定的借鑒價值。Function and Application of Descriptive Translation StudiesIntroductionThe intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical then on, schools of thought have kept ing out and each claims its legitimacy for these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies(DTS).DTS approaches translation from an empirical is viewed to be a social activity having significantimportance in the receiving culture and for the target , translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language parison, and is incorporated in social and cultural attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator‘s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target method of DTS is basically prescriptive tendency and the problemsolution pattern is phenomena are noted accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will e out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS.―Norm‖ is operative at every stage of description and , process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive phenomena are accounted for with the help of case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsienyi and David Hawks are pared and observations are made in regard to their translation this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope indepth observation and explanation will done in light of Development and major concepts of DTSIn this part I will describe Hol