【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 都表示主、從句動作同時發(fā)生，三者差異如下： 表示“一邊。一邊“的意思as 強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行，并表示對比時 用于發(fā)生時間較段時 d when還可以表示從句動詞的動作在主幾句動詞的動作”之前 “或”之后“發(fā)生。when=and then。at that moment(正在那個時候) e while用于時間較長時強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行，并表示對比時 有時這三個連詞可以互換，有時不可以。lt was raining hard when(as)I got there.(動作同時發(fā)生，when可換為as, 但不能換為while，因為get是點動詞.)When I had read the article, he called me.(從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時態(tài)表達，只能用when)When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時態(tài))He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.(此時不能放在句首。主句動詞一般表達 “正在” “即將”.while, as不能代替She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(表轉(zhuǎn)折，對比，when, as都不能代替它)While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.(表示主句，從句的動作同時發(fā)生，while后引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動詞必須是延續(xù)動詞不能是點動詞，因為它表示較長時間)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as(when/ while)father was away.(此時as ,when, while可通用)。注意before引導(dǎo)的從句不再用否定式的謂語，并且當before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時譯成“就，才”。還要注意主句和從句之間的時間關(guān)系。當主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時，則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作發(fā)生的先后。After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關(guān)系正好與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。例如：It will be four days before they e almost knocked me down before he saw father had left for Canada just before the letter had not been married four months before they were you think it over, please let me know what you we had finished the work, we went home.（從句用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時）。till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調(diào)句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。例如：I didn39。t go to bed until（till）my father came 。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me 。I worked until he came 。I didn39。t work until he came 。Please wait until I 。since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is +時間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：I have been in Beijing since you have you been since I last saw you?It is four years since my sister lived in 。It is five months since our boss was in 。五 知識擴展 is since從。以來多長時間了(因為since +從句或名詞，表示一段時間)It is five years since we met last 。 is +before?(。才)It was a long time before I went to sleep was an hour before(=until)the police soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。這些連詞都表示“一??就”。例如：I will go there directly I have finished my ，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the ，馬上趕到了出事地點。As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you ，就給你來電話?！咀⒁狻縣ardly(scarcely, rarely)?when / before, no sooner?than相當于as soon as之意。主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。當hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時，主句應(yīng)用倒裝語序。例如：He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another ，就被邀請開始另一旅程。No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to mence ，他就起床勞動去了。Hardly had I sat down when he stepped ，他就進來了。He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his 。 the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。注意時態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時，主句的謂語動詞用過去完成時；如果從句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句的謂語動詞用將來完成時。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this ，我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。By the time you e here tomorrow, I will have finished this ，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。七 由each time, every time和whenever引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。例如：Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on ，總是來看我。Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he39。s about to tell a “說實在話”的時候，我猜想他就要說謊了。You grow younger every time I see ，見你更年輕了。 long as和so long as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。這兩個連詞表示“有多久??就多久”。例如：You can go where you like as long as you get back before ，只要在天黑以前回來就行。I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反對這種境況。地點狀語從句一 地點狀語從句(adverbial clause of place)地點狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，要點: 由連詞where和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞wherever(=no matter where)：句型1：Where+地點從句，（there）+主句。【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里??哪里就??”；主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there。例如：Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or ，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。They were good they went, there they were warmly 。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。You should have put the book where you found 。Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are ，哪里人民得解放。句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地點從句，+主句。【注意】anywhere本身是個副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：Wherever the sea is , you will find 。二 知識擴展 there is a will , there is a 。(諺語) will be mixed school where