【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 e education at Oxford. He fell out with his father and became a wandarer. Though he would eventually inherit a fortune, he had no ready money. When he was 19, he eloped with Harriet Westbrook, a girl of 16 whom he scarcely knew. From Then on, shelly, always full of schemes, went on a quixotic expedition to redress the wrongs of the Irish。 from Lyn mouth shortly afterwards he distributed a seditious pamphlet called the rights of man, scattering some copies by balloon and putting others into bottles and throwing them into the sea. In 1813 he printed and published extraordinary poem, Queen Mab privately which expressed his belief in a new golden age. In his glorification of revolutionary ideas, Shelley had sought out William Godwin, author of political justice, who had married Mary Wollstonecraft, author of The Rights of Women. His marriage with Harriet proved a plete failure。 Shelly eloped with Godwin’s 15yearold daughter Mary. But that year Harriet was found 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 Body 5 drowned in the serpentine and her two children by shelly became the subject of a lawsuit. For Shelley, he was not only deeply shocked by the tragedy but also suffered the bitterness of losing his children. However, the life had to go on. To get rid of solitude, he married Mary Godwin later at Marlow, on the Thames. There, in 1816, he wrote Ablator, or the Spirit of Solitude, the first long poem to show his true genius. Next year he wrote a long imaginative poem on liberty and love, the Revolt of Islam, which contained many fine passages of description and narrative and was inspired by the French Revolution. At that time, Shelly had bee a friend of Leigh Hunt and Peacock and had met Keats. Finally in 1818, to escape prejudice and insult, and also Godwin’s constant demands for money, Shelley decided to seek peace in Italy. There shelly gave up his dream of reforming the world by the means of direct political action and decided to pass on his inspiration to others through his poetry. In this belief he posed his Prometheus Unbound, enjoyed for its inparable music, its color and story, as well as because it contained Shelly’s noblest ideas. To this period, too, he wrote his Lines in the Eugenia Hills and Julian and Maddalo, an autobiographical poem based on a happy visit to Byron in VeniceH. Meanwhile Shelly wrote his finest lyric, such as the Cloud, the Skylark, the Ode to the West Wind and so on. The music and intensity showed that Shelly was entering on a new stage of personal and imaginative greatness. B. The Background of Ode to the West Wind The poem was posed in 1819 when European labor movement and the revolutionary movement surged. To fight for their right, British working class began to struggle with the bourgeoisie. At August of that year, 80,000 workers in Manchester held a massive demonstration. Of course, the reactionary authorities had dispatched troops to suppress. That was wellknown as the Bideilei Massacre. For Shelley was in favor of British revolution, he was expelled from the United Kingdom. Then he came to Italy, he met Keats, had made great influence to Shelley a lot on revolutionary cause. Form the above。 we can see that in Britain there was no freedom. 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 Body 6 Ode to the West Wind is the most representative of Shelley’s feelings and thoughts at that time. It is a mixture of death and rebirth. Shelley is concerned with the regeneration of himself spiritually and poetically and of Europe politically. In the first three stanzas, the dynamic force of the west wind is manifested in its power on the land, in the air, and in the sea in different seasons. It is the destroyer and preserver. It will destroy the old world and herald in a new one. In the fourth stanza Shelley wishes that he were a leaf, a cloud, and a wave, so that he could feel the power of the west wind。 but he is aware of his age and his sufferings in life, which have bent him down. Finally, he appeals to the wind, the wind of aspiration and change, to reinvigorate him and to give force and persuasiveness to his poetry. IV. The Features of Positive Romanticism in Ode to the West Wind A. Enthusiasm The romanticism has two big branches which are the negative romanticism and the positive romanticism. To a certain extent the positive romanticism has its positive characteristic as the name suggests. The positive romanticism mostly manifests in the positive romanticism poet dares to face the reality, critique society39。s darkness, is spearheaded at the feudal aristocracy, opposed in the capitalist society survives the feudal factor, simultaneously all sorts of evil phenomenon which creates to bourgeoisie itself also has the exposition, thus the fill revolt, the fight fervor, will send ideally in the future, will yearn for the new happy life. In this poem, Shelley wants to create a new free country. He talks of the ―Mediterranean‖ and the ―summer dream‖. In the dream, the reader finds the sea lying ―Beside a pumice isle in baize’s bay quivering within the waves’ in tenser day‖. Shelley implants the ideas of volcano with the word ―pumice.‖ The ―old palaces and tower‖ stir vivid image of ancient Rome and Greece in readers mind. Shelley also uses these images in the sea’s dream to show that the natural world and the human social and political world are parallel. 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 Body 7 B. Subjectivism In the poem the west wind is not merely the wind of the nature, the subject which is the countercapitalism counterold influence, instead of regarding poetry as ―a minor to nature‖ the source of which is in the outer world, romantic poets describe poetry as ―the spontaneous overflow of powerful felling‖ which