【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 Persia, India, China and the period is alsosometimes referred to as the Axis , in his The Origin and Goal of History, identified a number of key Axial Age thinkers as having had a profound influence on future philosophies and religions, and identified characteristics mon to each area from which those thinkers saw in these developments in religion and philosophy a striking parallel without any obvious direct transmission of ideas from one region to the other, having found no recorded proofof any extensive intermunication between Ancient Greece, the Middle East, India, and held up this age as unique, and one to which the rest of the history of human thought might be 39。 approach to the culture of the middle of the first millennium BC has been adopted by other scholars and academics, and has bee a point of discussion in the history ofreligion.第四篇：西方歷史學(xué)經(jīng)典名著選讀讀書筆記1The History重點詞匯（1）、remembrance：紀(jì)念品；提醒者；提示者；the ability to recall past occurrences。a recognition of meritorious service(2)、dwelt on：詳述；細述（3）、freight： 運送；裝貨 使充滿(v.)transport mercially as cargo。load with goods for transportation； 貨運；運費；船貨（n.）goods carried by a large vehicle。transporting goods mercially at rates cheaper than express rates。the charge for transporting something by mon carrierfreighting: 海上運送契約(4)、carry off: 奪去；獲得；使喪命；(5)、restitution：恢復(fù)；賠償；歸還（n.）a sum of money paid in pensation for loss or injury。the act of restoring something to its original state。getting something back again(7)、seizure： 沒收；奪??；捕獲（n.）a sudden occurrence(or recurrence)of a disease。the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property。the act of taking of a person by force。the taking possession of something by legal process(8)、sovereignty：主權(quán)；主權(quán)國家；君主；獨立國government free from external control；royal authority。the dominion of a monarch； the authority of a state to govern another state（9）、endeavor：竭力做到，試圖或力圖（做某事）（v.）attempt by employing effort(10)、perish：死亡；毀滅；腐爛；枯萎（v.）pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life(11)、prophecy：預(yù)言；預(yù)言書；預(yù)言能力knowledge of the future(usually said to be obtained from a divine source)； a prediction uttered under divine inspiration（12）、exploit：開發(fā)，開拓；剝削；開采（v.）use or manipulate to one39。s advantage。draw from。make good use of。work excessively hard勛績。功績(n.)a notable achievement(13)、plunder：搶奪；戰(zhàn)利品；掠奪品（n.）goods or money obtained illegally 掠奪；搶劫；侵吞(v.)take illegally。of intellectual property。plunder(a town)after capture。steal goods。take as spoils。destroy and strip of its possession(14)、despatch：派遣；發(fā)送；（.）send away towards a designated goal(v.)an official report(usually sent in haste)。killing a person or animal。the act of sending off something精彩摘抄（1）、Candaules was in love with his own wife。and not only so, but thought her the fairest woman in the whole fancy had strange was in his bodyguard a man whom he specially favoured Gyges, the son of affairs of greatest moment were entrusted by Candaules to this person, and to him he was wont to extol the surpassing beauty of his matters went on for