【文章內容簡介】 滿族人。問他祖上是哪個旗的，他說不知道，管它哪個旗的，還不都是要干活兒吃飯。鐵良在北京是個小有名氣的人，因為抻得一手好面。面是隨時有客要吃就得煮的，因此，鐵良專在一家做。鐵良原來有幾股錢在店里，后來店叫政府公私合了營，鐵良有些不太愿意，在一個公家人面前說了幾句。公家人也是以前常來店里吃鐵良抻的面的主兒，勸了鐵良幾句。幾年以后，鐵良知道害怕了，心里感激著那個公家人。抻面最講究的是和面。和面先和個大概齊，之后放在案子上沾塊濕布醒著。后來運動多了，鐵良說，這“反省”就是咱們的醒面；醒好了面，愿意怎么揉掐捏拉，隨您便。省好了的面，內里沒有疙瘩。面粉一摻了水，放不多時就會發(fā)酸，所以要下堿。下了堿的面，就可以抻了。有人用舌頭試堿放多了還是少了，舔舔，有一股苦甜香，就是合適了。鐵良試堿不用舌頭，一半兒的原因是抻面是個露臉的活兒，是公開的，客人看著，當面的。鐵良用鼻子聞聞，堿多了，就再放放，醒堿。跑堂的得了客人要的數兒，拉長聲兒喊給鐵良。客人出到街上，靠在鋪面窗口看鐵良抻面，好像是買了一張看戲的站票。鐵良不含糊，一手揪出一拳頭面，“啪”，和在一起，搓成粗條兒，掐著兩頭兒，上下一悠，就一個人長了——人伸開胳膊的長度等于這個人的身高。鐵良兩手往當中一合，就是兩股，再抻再合，就是四股，再抻再合，八股，十六股，三十二股，六十四股，一百二十八股。之后掐去兩頭，朝腦后一甩，好像是大閨女的辮子飛落到灶上的鍋里，客人就笑了，轉身回到店里的座位上。鍋邊兒的伙計用一雙長筷子攪兩下，大笊籬撈出盛到海碗里。海碗里有牛骨高湯，入好面，撒幾片芫荽、蔥絲兒、帶紅根兒的嫩菠菜，澆上滿天星辣椒油花兒，紅、綠、白，“啪噠”，放在了客人面前?？腿颂羝鹨惑缱用?，撐開嘴吃，熱氣蒸得額頭有點兒亮。鐵良呢，和街上的熟人聊了有一會兒了。20世紀50年代，犯人被押去刑場的時候還允許點路邊的館子，吃最后一口人間食。有個老頭子被押在車上，路過鐵良的店，說是去陰間的路上得吃口抻面。于是押進去，老頭子張口要龍須面，鐵良也不說話，開始抻。鐵良幾下就抻好了，親自放面下鍋，瞬時撈起，入在湯里，雙手捧了碗放在老頭兒面前。老頭兒挑起面迎光看了看，手上的銬“嘩啦啦”響，吃了一口，說：“是這個意思?！本驼泻羯下妨?。鐵良后來跟人說：“這就是當初借錢給我學手藝的恩人，他就是要我抻頭發(fā)絲兒面，我也得抻出來。”（選自《阿城精選集》，有刪改）[注]①抻(chēn)用手把面團抻成面條。抻：拉長。(6分)答：（側面烘托）的方法表現(xiàn)鐵良的抻面手藝？請簡要分析。(6分)答：。(6分)后來運動多了，鐵良說，這“反省”就是咱們的醒面；醒好了面，愿意怎么揉掐捏拉，隨您便。答：六、20．語言綜合運用。（15分）請按以下要求寫一段話，描寫春節(jié)期間的某個場景。（1）集中體現(xiàn)喜慶祥和的氣氛。（2）運用疑問句和排比句來表達情感。（3）最后一句能概括全段內容。（4）結構相對完整，語言簡明、連貫、得體。（5）不少于200字，不得透露個人信息。七、（50分）21．閱讀下面的文字，按要求作文。（50分）探究作為我國現(xiàn)行課程標準倡導的學習方式之一，常常出現(xiàn)在課堂、實驗室或課外學習過程中。有的同學覺得，探究給自己留下了一段難忘的學習經歷；有的同學認為，探究是一種重要的學習方式；有的同學則抱怨，探究在教學活動中往往流于形式……對課內外學習中的探究，你有何體驗，見聞或思考？請自選角度，自擬題目，寫一篇文章。要求：（1）寫記敘文或議論文；（2）不得透露個人信息；（3）不得抄襲，不得套作；（4）字數不少于700字。2014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（江西卷）語文試題參考答案一、(18分，每小題3分)二、(9分，每小題3分)三、(9分，每小題3分)四、(31分)對圖校對：山東省棗莊市第八中學北校區(qū)語文組 祁有理 13．(1)(眾雞)拖拽(它)驅趕(它)使它出去，隨后(又)爭相回去啄食那些粟粒。(2)(眾雞)又為何已經來了卻一起憎惡(那只)呼叫(它們)的雞并且逼走它呢?(3)將用(它)來警醒我自己，并且可以把(它)作為世人的一面鏡子。14．(1)《論語》(2)詩人被流放到萬里之遙的天涯(海南)，處境艱難，但由于受到佛道思想的影響和黎族百姓的熱情歡迎，因此表現(xiàn)出曾點曾經具有的那種逍遙自在、隨遇而安的人生態(tài)度?；颍涸娙吮涣鞣诺饺f里之遙的天涯(海南)，處境艱難，但由于受到儒家思想影響和黎族百姓的熱情歡迎，因此仍然向往曾點描述的禮樂之治，表現(xiàn)出積極樂觀的人生態(tài)度。15．(1)然力不足者亦不能至也(2)梧桐更兼細雨怎一個愁字了得(3)帝子降兮北渚洞庭波兮木葉下(4)忽到龐公棲隱處惟有幽人自來去 16．衣帶詔上簽名(參與密謀伐曹)?；颍簱淖约簩W圃，實是韜光養(yǎng)晦的用心被曹操識破。五、(18分)對圖校對：山東省棗莊市第八中學北校區(qū)語文組 祁有理 17．抻面手藝高超；本分敬業(yè)；知恩報恩；有生存智慧。(答對其中三點即可)18．(1)“客人出到街上，靠在鋪面窗口看鐵良抻面，好像是買了一張看戲的站票?！?2)“客人就笑了，轉身回到店里的座位上?！?3)”客人挑起一筷子面，撐開嘴吃，熱氣蒸得顫頭有點兒亮。運用比喻、心理描寫，行動描寫等手法，寫出客人不同階段的反應，襯托鐵良抻面手藝的高超。(4)“老頭兒挑起面迎光看了看，手上的銬‘嘩啦啦’響，吃了一口，說：‘矗這個意思?！边\用行動描寫、語言描寫等手法，表現(xiàn)出“老頭兒”對鐵良抻面手藝的肯定，襯托鐵良抻面手藝的高超。19．(1)揭示了鐵良體悟到的抻面之道。(2)表露了鐵良對那個“運動多了”的特殊年代對人的隨意“揉捏”的無奈與不滿。(3)表達了作者對那個特殊年代的反思與批判。六、(15分)20．略對圖校對：山東省棗莊市第八中學北校區(qū)語文組 祁有理七、(50分)21．略第三篇：2014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(新課標II卷,解析版)英語本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事項：1．答第I卷前考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．選出每小題答案前，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號框,不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑．AArriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house for me and our the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new in the evening, the phone was a was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the last they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a and trust in still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney? shopping a house his family his family girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number friend of his family Sydney policeman letter in his papers stranger in Sydney does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean? out back of the following can be the best title for the text? India to in a New Trash to Search of New Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward theenvironment.“We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grassroots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth to US government reports, emissions(排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from million tons a year to number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier kind of “Green thinking” has bee part of improvement has been 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs。today in 1995 there are about 6, lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for , it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program.” Until we do that, nothing else will change!” say Bruce to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___ social techniques problems importance of Earth Day does the support for environmental protection mainly e from? grass –roots business officials professors have Americans achieved in environmental p